fix(i18n): MQTT 引擎与阿里云模块用户可见文案接入语言包

2026-10-14 18:31:41 +08:00
parent 5b8edede46
commit 60501b6465
7 changed files with 267 additions and 99 deletions
@@ -4,14 +4,18 @@
 "aliyun.auth_token_mode": "Group token"
 "aliyun.auth_triple_mode": "Per-device secret"
 "aliyun.build_failed": "Failed to build connection: {e}"
+"aliyun.default_preset_name": "Alibaba Cloud device"
 "aliyun.device_id": "Device ID"
+"aliyun.device_id_required": "Device ID cannot be empty"
 "aliyun.device_secret": "DeviceSecret (per-device)"
 "aliyun.device_secret_ph": "Triple: DeviceSecret"
 "aliyun.generate_connect": "Generate & connect"
 "aliyun.group": "Group (optional)"
 "aliyun.group_id": "Group ID"
 "aliyun.help": "Token mode (Alibaba Cloud MQTT): endpoint {实例ID}.mqtt.aliyuncs.com, clientId={GroupId}@@@{设备ID}, password is the HMAC-SHA1 signature. Per-device secret (IoT Platform): endpoint {ProductKey}.iot-as-mqtt.{地域}.aliyuncs.com, signed per the official triple spec."
+"aliyun.hmac_init_failed": "HMAC init failed: {e}"
 "aliyun.instance_id": "Instance ID"
+"aliyun.instance_id_required": "Instance ID cannot be empty"
 "aliyun.preset_name": "Preset name"
 "aliyun.product_key": "ProductKey (per-device)"
 "aliyun.product_key_ph": "Triple: ProductKey"
@@ -20,6 +24,9 @@
 "aliyun.save_preset": "Save preset"
 "aliyun.saved_presets": "Saved presets"
 "aliyun.title": "Alibaba Cloud IoT"
+"aliyun.token_required_fields": "Group ID, AccessKey ID and AccessKey Secret cannot be empty"
+"aliyun.triple_requires_device_name": "Per-device secret mode requires DeviceName"
+"aliyun.triple_requires_pk_ds": "Per-device secret mode requires ProductKey and DeviceSecret"
 "color.blue": "Blue"
 "color.cyan": "Cyan"
 "color.green": "Green"
@@ -57,6 +64,43 @@
 "encode.hex_failed": "Hex decode failed: {e}"
 "encode.hex_invalid": "Hex decode failed: non-hex character present"
 "encode.hex_odd": "Hex length must be even (two chars per byte)"
+"engine.cancelled": "Connection cancelled"
+"engine.connack_rejected": "Connection rejected: {code}"
+"engine.connack_rejected_code": "Connection rejected: {code} (code {n})"
+"engine.connect_failed": "Connect failed: {e}"
+"engine.connect_ok": "Connected (session_present: {sp})"
+"engine.connecting": "Connecting to {host}:{port} ({protocol}, {transport})"
+"engine.connection_error": "Connection error: {e}"
+"engine.connection_not_found": "Connection not found"
+"engine.disconnect_received": "DISCONNECT received: {code} (code {n})"
+"engine.disconnected_by_server": "Disconnected by server"
+"engine.disconnected_by_server_active": "Server closed the connection"
+"engine.disconnected_by_server_code": "Disconnected by server: {code}"
+"engine.events_dropped": "UI cannot keep up: dropped {n} high-frequency events (messages/logs) so far"
+"engine.internal_task_failed": "Internal task failed: {e}"
+"engine.puback": "Publish acknowledged (packet {n})"
+"engine.puback_reason": "Publish acknowledged (packet {n}, reason {reason})"
+"engine.pubcomp": "QoS2 publish complete (packet {n})"
+"engine.publish_failed": "Publish failed: {e}"
+"engine.publish_no_connection": "Publish failed: connection not found"
+"engine.publish_outgoing": "Message sent (packet {n})"
+"engine.publish_sent": "Published to {topic} (QoS {qos}, retain={retain})"
+"engine.pubrec": "QoS2 publish received (packet {n})"
+"engine.received_message": "Received: {topic} ({n} bytes)"
+"engine.received_message_qos": "Received: {topic} ({n} bytes, QoS {qos})"
+"engine.reconnect_give_up": "Reconnect failed {attempts} times, reached the max of {max}, giving up: {e}"
+"engine.reconnect_retry": "Connection error, retrying in {delay}s (attempt {attempts}): {e}"
+"engine.suback": "Subscribe confirmed (packet {n})"
+"engine.suback_codes": "Subscribe confirmed (packet {n}): {codes}"
+"engine.subscribe_rejected": "Subscribe rejected: {e}"
+"engine.subscribe_request_failed": "Subscribe request failed: {e}"
+"engine.subscribe_topic": "Subscribing: {topic} (QoS {qos})"
+"engine.test_timeout": "Connection test timed out ({secs}s) — check the host and port"
+"engine.unsuback": "Unsubscribe confirmed"
+"engine.unsuback_packet": "Unsubscribe confirmed (packet {n})"
+"engine.unsubscribe_failed": "Unsubscribe failed: {e}"
+"engine.unsubscribe_ok": "Unsubscribed: {topic}"
+"engine.user_disconnect": "Disconnected by user request"
 "form.auth_section": "Auth & Keep-alive"
 "form.auto_connect": "Connect on app start"
 "form.auto_reconnect": "Auto reconnect on disconnect"
@@ -312,6 +356,19 @@
 "titlebar.switch_light": "Switch to light theme"
 "titlebar.unpin": "Unpin window"
 "titlebar.variables": "Global Variables"
+"tls.ca_invalid_cert": "Invalid certificate in CA file {p}: {e}"
+"tls.ca_no_certs": "No certificate found in CA file {p}"
+"tls.ca_parse_failed": "Failed to parse CA file {p}: {e}"
+"tls.ca_read_failed": "Failed to read CA file {p}: {e}"
+"tls.cert_key_pair_required": "Client certificate and client key must be configured together"
+"tls.client_auth_failed": "Failed to load client certificate/key: {e}"
+"tls.client_cert_no_certs": "No certificate found in client certificate file {p}"
+"tls.client_cert_parse_failed": "Failed to parse client certificate file {p}: {e}"
+"tls.client_cert_read_failed": "Failed to read client certificate file {p}: {e}"
+"tls.client_key_parse_failed": "Failed to parse client key file {p}: {e}"
+"tls.client_key_read_failed": "Failed to read client key file {p}: {e}"
+"tls.init_failed": "TLS init failed: {e}"
+"tls.native_roots_failed": "Failed to load system root certificates: {detail}"
 "update.apply": "Update to v{v} now"
 "update.check": "Check for updates"
 "update.check_hint": "Check GitHub Releases for a new version"
@@ -4,14 +4,18 @@
 "aliyun.auth_token_mode": "Group 令牌 (Token)"
 "aliyun.auth_triple_mode": "一机一密"
 "aliyun.build_failed": "无法生成连接: {e}"
+"aliyun.default_preset_name": "阿里云设备"
 "aliyun.device_id": "设备 ID"
+"aliyun.device_id_required": "Device ID 不能为空"
 "aliyun.device_secret": "DeviceSecret（一机一密）"
 "aliyun.device_secret_ph": "一机一密：DeviceSecret"
 "aliyun.generate_connect": "生成并连接"
 "aliyun.group": "分组（可选）"
 "aliyun.group_id": "Group ID"
 "aliyun.help": "Token 模式（云消息队列 MQTT 版）：接入点 {实例ID}.mqtt.aliyuncs.com，clientId={GroupId}@@@{设备ID}，密码为 HMAC-SHA1 签名；一机一密（物联网平台）：接入点 {ProductKey}.iot-as-mqtt.{地域}.aliyuncs.com，按官方三元组规范签名"
+"aliyun.hmac_init_failed": "HMAC 初始化失败: {e}"
 "aliyun.instance_id": "实例 ID"
+"aliyun.instance_id_required": "Instance ID 不能为空"
 "aliyun.preset_name": "预设名称"
 "aliyun.product_key": "ProductKey（一机一密）"
 "aliyun.product_key_ph": "一机一密：ProductKey"
@@ -20,6 +24,9 @@
 "aliyun.save_preset": "保存预设"
 "aliyun.saved_presets": "已保存预设"
 "aliyun.title": "阿里云 IoT 设备"
+"aliyun.token_required_fields": "Group ID、AccessKey ID 与 AccessKey Secret 不能为空"
+"aliyun.triple_requires_device_name": "一机一密需要 DeviceName（设备名）"
+"aliyun.triple_requires_pk_ds": "一机一密需要 ProductKey 与 DeviceSecret (设备密钥)"
 "color.blue": "蓝"
 "color.cyan": "青"
 "color.green": "绿"
@@ -57,6 +64,43 @@
 "encode.hex_failed": "Hex 解码失败: {e}"
 "encode.hex_invalid": "Hex 解码失败: 含非十六进制字符"
 "encode.hex_odd": "Hex 长度必须为偶数（每两个字符一个字节）"
+"engine.cancelled": "连接已取消"
+"engine.connack_rejected": "连接被拒绝: {code}"
+"engine.connack_rejected_code": "连接被拒绝: {code} (code {n})"
+"engine.connect_failed": "连接失败: {e}"
+"engine.connect_ok": "连接成功 (session_present: {sp})"
+"engine.connecting": "正在连接 {host}:{port} ({protocol}, {transport})"
+"engine.connection_error": "连接错误: {e}"
+"engine.connection_not_found": "连接不存在"
+"engine.disconnect_received": "收到断开连接: {code} (code {n})"
+"engine.disconnected_by_server": "服务端断开"
+"engine.disconnected_by_server_active": "服务端主动断开"
+"engine.disconnected_by_server_code": "服务端断开: {code}"
+"engine.events_dropped": "UI 处理不过来，已累计丢弃 {n} 条高频事件（消息/日志）"
+"engine.internal_task_failed": "内部任务失败: {e}"
+"engine.puback": "发布确认 (packet {n})"
+"engine.puback_reason": "发布确认 (packet {n}, reason {reason})"
+"engine.pubcomp": "QoS2 发布完成 (packet {n})"
+"engine.publish_failed": "发布失败: {e}"
+"engine.publish_no_connection": "发布失败: 连接不存在"
+"engine.publish_outgoing": "消息已发出 (packet {n})"
+"engine.publish_sent": "发布消息到 {topic} (QoS {qos}, retain={retain})"
+"engine.pubrec": "QoS2 发布收到 (packet {n})"
+"engine.received_message": "收到消息: {topic} ({n} 字节)"
+"engine.received_message_qos": "收到消息: {topic} ({n} 字节, QoS {qos})"
+"engine.reconnect_give_up": "已重连 {attempts} 次仍失败，达到最大重连次数 {max}，停止重连: {e}"
+"engine.reconnect_retry": "连接错误，{delay} 秒后重连（第 {attempts} 次）: {e}"
+"engine.suback": "订阅确认 (packet {n})"
+"engine.suback_codes": "订阅确认 (packet {n}): {codes}"
+"engine.subscribe_rejected": "订阅被拒绝: {e}"
+"engine.subscribe_request_failed": "订阅请求失败: {e}"
+"engine.subscribe_topic": "订阅主题: {topic} (QoS {qos})"
+"engine.test_timeout": "连接测试超时（{secs} 秒），请检查主机地址与端口"
+"engine.unsuback": "取消订阅确认"
+"engine.unsuback_packet": "取消订阅确认 (packet {n})"
+"engine.unsubscribe_failed": "取消订阅失败: {e}"
+"engine.unsubscribe_ok": "取消订阅: {topic}"
+"engine.user_disconnect": "用户请求断开连接"
 "form.auth_section": "认证与心跳"
 "form.auto_connect": "启动时自动连接"
 "form.auto_reconnect": "断线自动重连"
@@ -312,6 +356,19 @@
 "titlebar.switch_light": "切换为浅色"
 "titlebar.unpin": "取消窗口置顶"
 "titlebar.variables": "全局变量"
+"tls.ca_invalid_cert": "CA 文件 {p} 中存在无效证书: {e}"
+"tls.ca_no_certs": "CA 文件 {p} 中没有找到任何证书"
+"tls.ca_parse_failed": "解析 CA 文件 {p} 失败: {e}"
+"tls.ca_read_failed": "读取 CA 文件 {p} 失败: {e}"
+"tls.cert_key_pair_required": "客户端证书与客户端密钥必须同时配置"
+"tls.client_auth_failed": "加载客户端证书/私钥失败: {e}"
+"tls.client_cert_no_certs": "客户端证书文件 {p} 中没有找到证书"
+"tls.client_cert_parse_failed": "解析客户端证书文件 {p} 失败: {e}"
+"tls.client_cert_read_failed": "读取客户端证书文件 {p} 失败: {e}"
+"tls.client_key_parse_failed": "解析客户端私钥文件 {p} 失败: {e}"
+"tls.client_key_read_failed": "读取客户端私钥文件 {p} 失败: {e}"
+"tls.init_failed": "TLS 初始化失败: {e}"
+"tls.native_roots_failed": "加载系统根证书失败: {detail}"
 "update.apply": "立即更新到 v{v}"
 "update.check": "检查更新"
 "update.check_hint": "检查 GitHub Releases 上的新版本"
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ use sha1::Sha1;
 use sha2::Sha256;

 use crate::model::{ConnectionConfig, ProtocolVersion, TransportKind};
+use crate::ui::i18n;

 type HmacSha1 = Hmac<Sha1>;
 type HmacSha256 = Hmac<Sha256>;
@@ -38,8 +39,8 @@ impl AliyunAuthMode {

    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
        match self {
-            Self::Token => "Group 令牌 (Token)",
-            Self::DeviceCredential => "一机一密",
+            Self::Token => i18n::t("aliyun.auth_token_mode"),
+            Self::DeviceCredential => i18n::t("aliyun.auth_triple_mode"),
        }
    }
 }
@@ -83,7 +84,7 @@ impl AliyunPreset {
    pub fn new() -> Self {
        Self {
            id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
-            name: "阿里云设备".into(),
+            name: i18n::t("aliyun.default_preset_name").into(),
            group: String::new(),
            instance_id: String::new(),
            region: String::new(),
@@ -99,16 +100,16 @@ impl AliyunPreset {

    /// HMAC-SHA1(secret, client_id) 的 Base64 编码（Token 模式签名）。
    pub fn signature(secret: &str, client_id: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
-        let mut mac =
-            HmacSha1::new_from_slice(secret.as_bytes()).map_err(|e| format!("HMAC 初始化失败: {e}"))?;
+        let mut mac = HmacSha1::new_from_slice(secret.as_bytes())
+            .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("aliyun.hmac_init_failed", &[("e", &e)]))?;
        mac.update(client_id.as_bytes());
        Ok(base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(mac.finalize().into_bytes()))
    }

    /// HMAC-SHA256(secret, msg) 的小写 hex（一机一密签名）。
    fn hmac_sha256_hex(secret: &str, msg: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
-        let mut mac =
-            HmacSha256::new_from_slice(secret.as_bytes()).map_err(|e| format!("HMAC 初始化失败: {e}"))?;
+        let mut mac = HmacSha256::new_from_slice(secret.as_bytes())
+            .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("aliyun.hmac_init_failed", &[("e", &e)]))?;
        mac.update(msg.as_bytes());
        Ok(mac
            .finalize()
@@ -152,15 +153,15 @@ impl AliyunPreset {
                    || self.access_key_id.is_empty()
                    || self.access_key_secret.is_empty()
                {
-                    return Err("Group ID、AccessKey ID 与 AccessKey Secret 不能为空".into());
+                    return Err(i18n::t("aliyun.token_required_fields").into());
                }
                // 空 instance_id 会拼出 ".mqtt.aliyuncs.com" 这样的非法接入点，DNS 报错难懂
                if self.instance_id.trim().is_empty() {
-                    return Err("Instance ID 不能为空".into());
+                    return Err(i18n::t("aliyun.instance_id_required").into());
                }
                // 空 DeviceName 会拼出 "group@@@" 这样的非法 clientId，服务端报错难懂
                if self.device_id.trim().is_empty() {
-                    return Err("Device ID 不能为空".into());
+                    return Err(i18n::t("aliyun.device_id_required").into());
                }
                conn.host = self.host();
                let client_id = format!("{}@@@{}", self.group_id, self.device_id);
@@ -172,11 +173,11 @@ impl AliyunPreset {
            }
            AliyunAuthMode::DeviceCredential => {
                if self.product_key.is_empty() || self.device_secret.is_empty() {
-                    return Err("一机一密需要 ProductKey 与 DeviceSecret (设备密钥)".into());
+                    return Err(i18n::t("aliyun.triple_requires_pk_ds").into());
                }
                // 空 DeviceName 会拼出 "pk.|securemode=..." 与 "&pk"，服务端报错难懂
                if self.device_id.trim().is_empty() {
-                    return Err("一机一密需要 DeviceName（设备名）".into());
+                    return Err(i18n::t("aliyun.triple_requires_device_name").into());
                }
                conn.host = self.host();
                // 物联网平台「一机一密」直连三元组（见模块文档），DeviceName 复用 device_id
@@ -20,7 +20,8 @@ use tokio::sync::watch;

 use crate::model::{
    ConnectionConfig, ConnectionStatus, LogEntry, LogLevel, MqttRecord, PublishParams, SubscribeOptions, Subscription,
-};// ─── 引擎事件 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+};
+use crate::ui::i18n;// ─── 引擎事件 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────


 mod tls;
@@ -151,9 +152,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                            connection_id: String::new(),
                            level: LogLevel::Warn,
                            event: "events_dropped".into(),
-                            message: format!(
-                                "UI 处理不过来，已累计丢弃 {dropped} 条高频事件（消息/日志）"
-                            ),
+                            message: i18n::tf("engine.events_dropped", &[("n", &dropped)]),
                            details: None,
                        }));
                    }
@@ -221,12 +220,14 @@ impl MqttEngine {
            &id,
            LogLevel::Info,
            "connect",
-            format!(
-                "正在连接 {}:{} ({}, {})",
-                cfg.host,
-                cfg.port,
-                cfg.protocol.label(),
-                cfg.transport.label()
+            i18n::tf(
+                "engine.connecting",
+                &[
+                    ("host", &cfg.host),
+                    ("port", &cfg.port),
+                    ("protocol", &cfg.protocol.label()),
+                    ("transport", &cfg.transport.label()),
+                ],
            ),
            None,
        );
@@ -259,7 +260,13 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                    reason_code: None,
                    session_present: None,
                });
-                engine.log(id, LogLevel::Error, "connect_error", format!("连接失败: {e}"), None);
+                engine.log(
+                    id,
+                    LogLevel::Error,
+                    "connect_error",
+                    i18n::tf("engine.connect_failed", &[("e", &e)]),
+                    None,
+                );
            };
            let (client, eventloop) = match build {
                Ok(Ok(pair)) => pair,
@@ -268,7 +275,12 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                    return;
                }
                Err(j) => {
-                    build_error(&engine, &id, generation, format!("内部任务失败: {j}"));
+                    build_error(
+                        &engine,
+                        &id,
+                        generation,
+                        i18n::tf("engine.internal_task_failed", &[("e", &j)]),
+                    );
                    return;
                }
            };
@@ -335,7 +347,13 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
            });
            if user_initiated {
-                self.log(id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect", "用户请求断开连接".into(), None);
+                self.log(
+                    id,
+                    LogLevel::Info,
+                    "disconnect",
+                    i18n::t("engine.user_disconnect").into(),
+                    None,
+                );
                self.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
                    connection_id: id.to_string(),
                    status: ConnectionStatus::Disconnected,
@@ -357,7 +375,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                    &connection_id,
                    LogLevel::Error,
                    "publish_error",
-                    "发布失败: 连接不存在".into(),
+                    i18n::t("engine.publish_no_connection").into(),
                    None,
                );
                return;
@@ -405,9 +423,13 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                        &connection_id,
                        LogLevel::Info,
                        "publish_sent",
-                        format!(
-                            "发布消息到 {} (QoS {}, retain={})",
-                            params.topic, params.qos, params.retain
+                        i18n::tf(
+                            "engine.publish_sent",
+                            &[
+                                ("topic", &params.topic),
+                                ("qos", &params.qos),
+                                ("retain", &params.retain),
+                            ],
                        ),
                        None,
                    );
@@ -429,7 +451,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                        &connection_id,
                        LogLevel::Error,
                        "publish_error",
-                        format!("发布失败: {e}"),
+                        i18n::tf("engine.publish_failed", &[("e", &e)]),
                        None,
                    );
                }
@@ -460,7 +482,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                    topic: sub.topic,
                    qos: sub.qos,
                    ok: false,
-                    error: Some("连接不存在".into()),
+                    error: Some(i18n::t("engine.connection_not_found").into()),
                });
                return;
            };
@@ -468,7 +490,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                &connection_id,
                LogLevel::Info,
                "subscribe",
-                format!("订阅主题: {} (QoS {})", sub.topic, sub.qos),
+                i18n::tf("engine.subscribe_topic", &[("topic", &sub.topic), ("qos", &sub.qos)]),
                None,
            );
            let result = match &client {
@@ -493,9 +515,9 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                        .await
                    {
                        Ok(notice) => notice.wait_completion_async().await.map_err(|e| {
-                            format!("订阅被拒绝: {e}")
+                            i18n::tf("engine.subscribe_rejected", &[("e", &e)])
                        }),
-                        Err(e) => Err(format!("订阅请求失败: {e}")),
+                        Err(e) => Err(i18n::tf("engine.subscribe_request_failed", &[("e", &e)])),
                    }
                }
                ClientKind::V4(client) => {
@@ -504,9 +526,9 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                        .await
                    {
                        Ok(notice) => notice.wait_completion_async().await.map_err(|e| {
-                            format!("订阅被拒绝: {e}")
+                            i18n::tf("engine.subscribe_rejected", &[("e", &e)])
                        }),
-                        Err(e) => Err(format!("订阅请求失败: {e}")),
+                        Err(e) => Err(i18n::tf("engine.subscribe_request_failed", &[("e", &e)])),
                    }
                }
            };
@@ -555,7 +577,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                        &connection_id,
                        LogLevel::Info,
                        "unsubscribe",
-                        format!("取消订阅: {topic}"),
+                        i18n::tf("engine.unsubscribe_ok", &[("topic", &topic)]),
                        None,
                    );
                }
@@ -564,7 +586,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
                        &connection_id,
                        LogLevel::Error,
                        "unsubscribe_error",
-                        format!("取消订阅失败: {e}"),
+                        i18n::tf("engine.unsubscribe_failed", &[("e", &e)]),
                        None,
                    );
                }
@@ -618,9 +640,7 @@ impl MqttEngine {
            .await;
            let reply = match result {
                Ok(inner) => inner,
-                Err(_) => Err(format!(
-                    "连接测试超时（{secs} 秒），请检查主机地址与端口"
-                )),
+                Err(_) => Err(i18n::tf("engine.test_timeout", &[("secs", &secs)])),
            };
            let _ = tx.try_send(reply);
        });
@@ -5,10 +5,8 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use rumqttc::TlsConfiguration;
 use rustls::pki_types::{pem::PemObject, CertificateDer, PrivateKeyDer};

-use crate::model::{
-    ConnectionConfig,
-    SslConfig,
-};// ─── 引擎事件 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+use crate::model::{ConnectionConfig, SslConfig};
+use crate::ui::i18n;// ─── 引擎事件 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────



@@ -28,7 +26,7 @@ pub(super) fn resolve_tls_config(cfg: &ConnectionConfig) -> Result<Option<TlsCon
 pub(super) fn build_rustls_config(ssl: &SslConfig) -> Result<Arc<rustls::ClientConfig>, String> {
    // 只填证书或只填私钥必然握手失败，提前给出明确错误
    if ssl.client_cert_file.is_empty() != ssl.client_key_file.is_empty() {
-        return Err("客户端证书与客户端密钥必须同时配置".into());
+        return Err(i18n::t("tls.cert_key_pair_required").into());
    }
    let provider = ensure_crypto_provider();
    let builder = rustls::ClientConfig::builder();
@@ -48,7 +46,7 @@ pub(super) fn build_rustls_config(ssl: &SslConfig) -> Result<Arc<rustls::ClientC
                .map(|e| e.to_string())
                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                .join("; ");
-            return Err(format!("加载系统根证书失败: {detail}"));
+            return Err(i18n::tf("tls.native_roots_failed", &[("detail", &detail)]));
        }
        // 个别系统证书加载失败不阻断连接：自定义 CA 与其余根证书仍参与校验
        for cert in native.certs {
@@ -56,17 +54,19 @@ pub(super) fn build_rustls_config(ssl: &SslConfig) -> Result<Arc<rustls::ClientC
        }
        if !ssl.ca_file.is_empty() {
            let pem = std::fs::read(&ssl.ca_file)
-                .map_err(|e| format!("读取 CA 文件 {} 失败: {e}", ssl.ca_file))?;
+                .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("tls.ca_read_failed", &[("p", &ssl.ca_file), ("e", &e)]))?;
            let mut added = 0usize;
            for cert in CertificateDer::pem_slice_iter(&pem) {
-                let cert = cert.map_err(|e| format!("解析 CA 文件 {} 失败: {e}", ssl.ca_file))?;
-                roots
-                    .add(cert)
-                    .map_err(|e| format!("CA 文件 {} 中存在无效证书: {e}", ssl.ca_file))?;
+                let cert = cert.map_err(|e| {
+                    i18n::tf("tls.ca_parse_failed", &[("p", &ssl.ca_file), ("e", &e)])
+                })?;
+                roots.add(cert).map_err(|e| {
+                    i18n::tf("tls.ca_invalid_cert", &[("p", &ssl.ca_file), ("e", &e)])
+                })?;
                added += 1;
            }
            if added == 0 {
-                return Err(format!("CA 文件 {} 中没有找到任何证书", ssl.ca_file));
+                return Err(i18n::tf("tls.ca_no_certs", &[("p", &ssl.ca_file)]));
            }
        }
        builder.with_root_certificates(roots)
@@ -76,24 +76,28 @@ pub(super) fn build_rustls_config(ssl: &SslConfig) -> Result<Arc<rustls::ClientC
        builder.with_no_client_auth()
    } else {
        let chain_pem = std::fs::read(&ssl.client_cert_file).map_err(|e| {
-            format!("读取客户端证书文件 {} 失败: {e}", ssl.client_cert_file)
+            i18n::tf("tls.client_cert_read_failed", &[("p", &ssl.client_cert_file), ("e", &e)])
+        })?;
+        let key_pem = std::fs::read(&ssl.client_key_file).map_err(|e| {
+            i18n::tf("tls.client_key_read_failed", &[("p", &ssl.client_key_file), ("e", &e)])
        })?;
-        let key_pem = std::fs::read(&ssl.client_key_file)
-            .map_err(|e| format!("读取客户端私钥文件 {} 失败: {e}", ssl.client_key_file))?;
        let certs = CertificateDer::pem_slice_iter(&chain_pem)
            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
-            .map_err(|e| format!("解析客户端证书文件 {} 失败: {e}", ssl.client_cert_file))?;
+            .map_err(|e| {
+                i18n::tf("tls.client_cert_parse_failed", &[("p", &ssl.client_cert_file), ("e", &e)])
+            })?;
        if certs.is_empty() {
-            return Err(format!(
-                "客户端证书文件 {} 中没有找到证书",
-                ssl.client_cert_file
+            return Err(i18n::tf(
+                "tls.client_cert_no_certs",
+                &[("p", &ssl.client_cert_file)],
            ));
        }
-        let key = PrivateKeyDer::from_pem_slice(&key_pem)
-            .map_err(|e| format!("解析客户端私钥文件 {} 失败: {e}", ssl.client_key_file))?;
+        let key = PrivateKeyDer::from_pem_slice(&key_pem).map_err(|e| {
+            i18n::tf("tls.client_key_parse_failed", &[("p", &ssl.client_key_file), ("e", &e)])
+        })?;
        builder
            .with_client_auth_cert(certs, key)
-            .map_err(|e| format!("加载客户端证书/私钥失败: {e}"))?
+            .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("tls.client_auth_failed", &[("e", &e)]))?
    };
    Ok(Arc::new(config))
 }
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use crate::model::{


 use super::*;
+use crate::ui::i18n;

 pub(super) fn build_v4(
    cfg: &ConnectionConfig,
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ pub(super) fn build_v4(
            None => {
                opts.set_transport(
                    V4Transport::try_tls_with_default_config()
-                        .map_err(|e| format!("TLS 初始化失败: {e:?}"))?,
+                        .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("tls.init_failed", &[("e", &format!("{e:?}"))]))?,
                );
            }
        };
@@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ pub(super) async fn test_handshake(cfg_in: &ConnectionConfig) -> Result<(), Stri
        let owned = cfg.clone();
        let (client, mut eventloop) = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || build_v5(&owned))
            .await
-            .map_err(|e| format!("内部任务失败: {e}"))??;
+            .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("engine.internal_task_failed", &[("e", &e)]))??;
        loop {
            match eventloop.poll().await {
                Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::ConnAck(ack))) => {
@@ -123,12 +124,18 @@ pub(super) async fn test_handshake(cfg_in: &ConnectionConfig) -> Result<(), Stri
                        }
                        return Ok(());
                    }
-                    return Err(format!("连接被拒绝: {:?}", ack.code));
+                    return Err(i18n::tf(
+                        "engine.connack_rejected",
+                        &[("code", &format!("{:?}", ack.code))],
+                    ));
                }
                Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::Disconnect(d))) => {
-                    return Err(format!("服务端断开: {:?}", d.reason_code));
+                    return Err(i18n::tf(
+                        "engine.disconnected_by_server_code",
+                        &[("code", &format!("{:?}", d.reason_code))],
+                    ));
                }
-                Err(e) => return Err(format!("连接失败: {e}")),
+                Err(e) => return Err(i18n::tf("engine.connect_failed", &[("e", &e)])),
                _ => {}
            }
        }
@@ -137,7 +144,7 @@ pub(super) async fn test_handshake(cfg_in: &ConnectionConfig) -> Result<(), Stri
        let owned = cfg.clone();
        let (client, mut eventloop) = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || build_v4(&owned))
            .await
-            .map_err(|e| format!("内部任务失败: {e}"))??;
+            .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("engine.internal_task_failed", &[("e", &e)]))??;
        loop {
            match eventloop.poll().await {
                Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::ConnAck(ack))) => {
@@ -151,12 +158,15 @@ pub(super) async fn test_handshake(cfg_in: &ConnectionConfig) -> Result<(), Stri
                        }
                        return Ok(());
                    }
-                    return Err(format!("连接被拒绝: {:?}", ack.code));
+                    return Err(i18n::tf(
+                        "engine.connack_rejected",
+                        &[("code", &format!("{:?}", ack.code))],
+                    ));
                }
                Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::Disconnect)) => {
-                    return Err("服务端主动断开".into());
+                    return Err(i18n::t("engine.disconnected_by_server_active").into());
                }
-                Err(e) => return Err(format!("连接失败: {e}")),
+                Err(e) => return Err(i18n::tf("engine.connect_failed", &[("e", &e)])),
                _ => {}
            }
        }
@@ -213,7 +223,7 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v4_loop(
                            };
                            engine.log(
                                &id, LogLevel::Info, "publish_received",
-                                format!("收到消息: {} ({} 字节)", record.topic, p.payload.len()), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.received_message", &[("topic", &record.topic), ("n", &p.payload.len())]), None);
                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Message(record));
                        }
                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::ConnAck(ack))) => {
@@ -224,7 +234,7 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v4_loop(
                                // 「连续失败次数」，不能把历史错误累计进来
                                reconnect_attempts = 0;
                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "connack",
-                                    format!("连接成功 (session_present: {})", ack.session_present), None);
+                                    i18n::tf("engine.connect_ok", &[("sp", &ack.session_present)]), None);
                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
                                    connection_id: id.clone(),
                                    status: ConnectionStatus::Connected,
@@ -234,7 +244,7 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v4_loop(
                                });
                            } else {
                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "connack",
-                                    format!("连接被拒绝: {:?}", ack.code), None);
+                                    i18n::tf("engine.connack_rejected", &[("code", &format!("{:?}", ack.code))]), None);
                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
                                    connection_id: id.clone(),
                                    status: ConnectionStatus::Error,
@@ -251,7 +261,7 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v4_loop(
                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
                                connection_id: id.clone(),
                                status: ConnectionStatus::Disconnected,
-                                error: Some("服务端断开".into()),
+                                error: Some(i18n::t("engine.disconnected_by_server").into()),
                                reason_code: None,
                                session_present: None,
                            });
@@ -259,19 +269,19 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v4_loop(
                        }
                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::SubAck(s))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "suback",
-                                format!("订阅确认 (packet {})", s.pkid), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.suback", &[("n", &s.pkid)]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::UnsubAck(a))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "unsuback",
-                                format!("取消订阅确认 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.unsuback_packet", &[("n", &a.pkid)]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::PubAck(a))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "puback",
-                                format!("发布确认 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.puback", &[("n", &a.pkid)]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(rv4::Event::Outgoing(rv4::Outgoing::Publish(pkid))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "publish_outgoing",
-                                format!("消息已发出 (packet {pkid})"), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.publish_outgoing", &[("n", &pkid)]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(_) => {}
                        Err(rv4::ConnectionError::RequestsDone) => {
@@ -293,19 +303,20 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v4_loop(
                            });
                            if !auto_reconnect || first_connect {
                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "connection_error",
-                                    format!("连接错误: {e}"), None);
+                                    i18n::tf("engine.connection_error", &[("e", &e)]), None);
                                break;
                            }
                            // max_reconnect_times>0 时按次数停止重试；0 表示无限重连
                            if max_reconnect_times > 0 && reconnect_attempts >= max_reconnect_times {
                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "reconnect_give_up",
-                                    format!("已重连 {reconnect_attempts} 次仍失败，达到最大重连次数 {max_reconnect_times}，停止重连: {e}"), None);
+                                    i18n::tf("engine.reconnect_give_up", &[("attempts", &reconnect_attempts), ("max", &max_reconnect_times), ("e", &e)]), None);
                                break;
                            }
                            reconnect_attempts += 1;
                            let delay = reconnect_delay(reconnect_attempts);
+                            let delay_s = format!("{:.1}", delay.as_secs_f32());
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Warn, "connection_error",
-                                format!("连接错误，{:.1} 秒后重连（第 {reconnect_attempts} 次）: {e}", delay.as_secs_f32()), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.reconnect_retry", &[("delay", &delay_s), ("attempts", &reconnect_attempts), ("e", &e)]), None);
                            // 退避等待也必须可取消：否则 close() 的取消信号要等一整个
                            // 退避周期才可见，期间会对用户已关闭的连接继续重连。
                            tokio::select! {
@@ -316,7 +327,7 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v4_loop(
                    }
                }
                _ = cancel_rx.changed() => {
-                    engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect_cancelled", "连接已取消".into(), None);
+                    engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect_cancelled", i18n::t("engine.cancelled").into(), None);
                    break;
                }
            }
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ use crate::model::{


 use super::*;
+use crate::ui::i18n;

 pub(super) fn build_v5(
    cfg: &ConnectionConfig,
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ pub(super) fn build_v5(
            None => {
                opts.set_transport(
                    V5Transport::try_tls_with_default_config()
-                        .map_err(|e| format!("TLS 初始化失败: {e:?}"))?,
+                        .map_err(|e| i18n::tf("tls.init_failed", &[("e", &format!("{e:?}"))]))?,
                );
            }
        };
@@ -208,7 +209,14 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v5_loop(
                                &id,
                                LogLevel::Info,
                                "publish_received",
-                                format!("收到消息: {topic} ({} 字节, QoS {})", p.payload.len(), v5_qos_u8(p.qos)),
+                                i18n::tf(
+                                    "engine.received_message_qos",
+                                    &[
+                                        ("topic", &topic),
+                                        ("n", &p.payload.len()),
+                                        ("qos", &v5_qos_u8(p.qos)),
+                                    ],
+                                ),
                                None,
                            );
                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Message(record));
@@ -225,7 +233,7 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v5_loop(
                                    &id,
                                    LogLevel::Info,
                                    "connack",
-                                    format!("连接成功 (session_present: {})", ack.session_present),
+                                    i18n::tf("engine.connect_ok", &[("sp", &ack.session_present)]),
                                    None,
                                );
                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
@@ -240,7 +248,10 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v5_loop(
                                    &id,
                                    LogLevel::Error,
                                    "connack",
-                                    format!("连接被拒绝: {:?} (code {code})", ack.code),
+                                    i18n::tf(
+                                        "engine.connack_rejected_code",
+                                        &[("code", &format!("{:?}", ack.code)), ("n", &code)],
+                                    ),
                                    None,
                                );
                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
@@ -259,7 +270,13 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v5_loop(
                                &id,
                                LogLevel::Warn,
                                "disconnect_received",
-                                format!("收到断开连接: {:?} (code {})", d.reason_code, d.reason_code as u8),
+                                i18n::tf(
+                                    "engine.disconnect_received",
+                                    &[
+                                        ("code", &format!("{:?}", d.reason_code)),
+                                        ("n", &(d.reason_code as u8)),
+                                    ],
+                                ),
                                None,
                            );
                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
@@ -278,26 +295,26 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v5_loop(
                                .map(|c| format!("{c:?}"))
                                .collect();
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "suback",
-                                format!("订阅确认 (packet {}): {}", s.pkid, granted.join(", ")), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.suback_codes", &[("n", &s.pkid), ("codes", &granted.join(", "))]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::UnsubAck(_))) => {
-                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "unsuback", "取消订阅确认".into(), None);
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "unsuback", i18n::t("engine.unsuback").into(), None);
                        }
                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::PubAck(a))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "puback",
-                                format!("发布确认 (packet {}, reason {:?})", a.pkid, a.reason), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.puback_reason", &[("n", &a.pkid), ("reason", &format!("{:?}", a.reason))]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::PubRec(a))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "pubrec",
-                                format!("QoS2 发布收到 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.pubrec", &[("n", &a.pkid)]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::PubComp(a))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "pubcomp",
-                                format!("QoS2 发布完成 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.pubcomp", &[("n", &a.pkid)]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(V5Event::Outgoing(V5Outgoing::Publish(pkid))) => {
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "publish_outgoing",
-                                format!("消息已发出 (packet {pkid})"), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.publish_outgoing", &[("n", &pkid)]), None);
                        }
                        Ok(_) => {}
                        Err(V5Error::RequestsDone) => {
@@ -322,19 +339,20 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v5_loop(
                            });
                            if !auto_reconnect || first_connect {
                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "connection_error",
-                                    format!("连接错误: {e}"), None);
+                                    i18n::tf("engine.connection_error", &[("e", &e)]), None);
                                break;
                            }
                            // max_reconnect_times>0 时按次数停止重试；0 表示无限重连
                            if max_reconnect_times > 0 && reconnect_attempts >= max_reconnect_times {
                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "reconnect_give_up",
-                                    format!("已重连 {reconnect_attempts} 次仍失败，达到最大重连次数 {max_reconnect_times}，停止重连: {e}"), None);
+                                    i18n::tf("engine.reconnect_give_up", &[("attempts", &reconnect_attempts), ("max", &max_reconnect_times), ("e", &e)]), None);
                                break;
                            }
                            reconnect_attempts += 1;
                            let delay = reconnect_delay(reconnect_attempts);
+                            let delay_s = format!("{:.1}", delay.as_secs_f32());
                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Warn, "connection_error",
-                                format!("连接错误，{:.1} 秒后重连（第 {reconnect_attempts} 次）: {e}", delay.as_secs_f32()), None);
+                                i18n::tf("engine.reconnect_retry", &[("delay", &delay_s), ("attempts", &reconnect_attempts), ("e", &e)]), None);
                            // 退避等待也必须可取消：否则 close() 的取消信号要等一整个
                            // 退避周期才可见，期间会对用户已关闭的连接继续重连。
                            tokio::select! {
@@ -345,7 +363,7 @@ pub(super) fn spawn_v5_loop(
                    }
                }
                _ = cancel_rx.changed() => {
-                    engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect_cancelled", "连接已取消".into(), None);
+                    engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect_cancelled", i18n::t("engine.cancelled").into(), None);
                    break;
                }
            }