diff --git a/.cargo/config.toml b/.cargo/config.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cd1a16e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.cargo/config.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# 本工程专属 cargo 配置：index.crates.io 在当前网络不可达，使用 rsproxy 镜像。
+# 仅影响本仓库，不修改全局 ~/.cargo 配置。
+[source.crates-io]
+replace-with = 'rsproxy-sparse'
+
+[source.rsproxy-sparse]
+registry = "sparse+https://rsproxy.cn/index/"
+
+[net]
+retry = 5
diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/release.yml b/.gitea/workflows/release.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f77fd9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.gitea/workflows/release.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# Gitea Actions：打 tag 时构建 release 产物并发布到 Gitea Package Registry。
+#
+# 依赖的仓库 Secrets/Variables（Settings → Actions → Secrets）：
+#   GITEA_TOKEN  — 包写权限令牌（package scope），用于上传 Generic 包
+#   可选 GITEA_OWNER — 软件包所属用户/组织，缺省用仓库 owner
+#
+# 说明：Gitea Actions 语法与 GitHub Actions 兼容；若 runner 使用自定义
+# label（如 `ubuntu`），请把 runs-on 改成你的 runner labels。
+name: Release
+
+on:
+  push:
+    tags:
+      - 'v*'
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  # ─── 版本与元信息 ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+  meta:
+    name: Meta
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.ver.outputs.version }}
+      owner: ${{ steps.ver.outputs.owner }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - id: ver
+        run: |
+          version="${GITHUB_REF_NAME}"
+          echo "version=${version}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          owner="${GITEA_OWNER_OVERRIDE:-${GITHUB_REPOSITORY_OWNER}}"
+          echo "owner=${owner}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+  # ─── 测试（不依赖系统图形库） ─────────────────────────────────
+  test:
+    name: Test
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+      - name: Unit tests
+        run: cargo test -p mqttx-desktop --lib
+
+  # ─── 构建矩阵 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+  build:
+    name: Build (${{ matrix.os }})
+    needs: [meta, test]
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        include:
+          - os: windows-latest
+            asset: mqttx.exe
+            target: x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
+          - os: ubuntu-latest
+            asset: mqttx
+            target: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - uses: actions-rust-lang/setup-rust-toolchain@v1
+        with:
+          target: ${{ matrix.target }}
+
+      - name: Install Linux system deps (GPUI)
+        if: matrix.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y \
+            libxcb1-dev libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-dev \
+            libwayland-dev libasound2-dev libfontconfig-dev \
+            libx11-dev libxcursor-dev libxrandr-dev libxi-dev
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: cargo build --release -p mqttx-desktop --target ${{ matrix.target }}
+
+      - name: Stage artifact
+        shell: bash
+        run: |
+          out="dist-${{ matrix.target }}"
+          mkdir -p "$out"
+          src="target/${{ matrix.target }}/release/${{ matrix.asset }}"
+          ver="${{ needs.meta.outputs.version }}"
+          dst="$out/mqttx-${ver}-${{ matrix.target }}-${{ matrix.asset }}"
+          cp "$src" "$dst"
+          if command -v sha256sum >/dev/null; then
+            sha256sum "$dst" > "$dst.sha256"
+          else
+            shasum -a 256 "$dst" > "$dst.sha256"
+          fi
+          echo "ASSET_DIR=$out" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          name: mqttx-${{ matrix.target }}
+          path: ${{ env.ASSET_DIR }}/*
+
+  # ─── 发布到 Gitea Package Registry ────────────────────────────
+  publish:
+    name: Publish package
+    needs: [meta, build]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - uses: actions/download-artifact@v4
+        with:
+          path: artifacts
+          merge-multiple: true
+
+      - name: Upload to Generic Package Registry
+        env:
+          GITEA_URL: ${{ github.server_url }}
+          GITEA_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITEA_TOKEN }}
+          GITEA_OWNER: ${{ needs.meta.outputs.owner }}
+          GITEA_PKG: mqttx
+        run: |
+          chmod +x scripts/publish-gitea.sh
+          files=(artifacts/*)
+          # 过滤掉 .sha256 侧车文件，脚本会自行生成
+          upload=()
+          for f in "${files[@]}"; do
+            case "$f" in *.sha256) ;; *) upload+=("$f") ;; esac
+          done
+          ./scripts/publish-gitea.sh "${upload[@]}" "${{ needs.meta.outputs.version }}"
diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index ccc0d63..cf672ce 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -32,3 +32,9 @@ src-tauri/target_d
 *.njsproj
 *.sln
 *.sw?
+
+# Workspace-level Rust build artifacts (GPUI app)
+/target
+*.pdb
+/.v2c
+/.video_agent
diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5daf713
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -0,0 +1,9147 @@
+# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
+# It is not intended for manual editing.
+version = 4
+
+[[package]]
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+version = "0.24.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d3b7f7f85a7e5f68090000ed7622545829afd484d210358702ae4cb97dd0c320"
+dependencies = [
+ "enumn",
+ "uuid",
+]
+
+[[package]]
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+ "atspi-common",
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+ "async-channel",
+ "async-executor",
+ "async-task",
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+ "futures-util",
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+ "zbus",
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+ "cfg-if",
+ "const-random",
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+ "zerocopy",
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+[[package]]
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+
+[[package]]
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+checksum = "27bc9d5b815bc103f142aa054f561d9187d191692ec7c2d1e2b4737f8dbd7296"
+dependencies = [
+ "zune-core 0.5.3",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zvariant"
+version = "5.15.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c1d34c27cc6cdd1f458427519dd6b8612f7b7e3f7b9a0b2355d041dda9869147"
+dependencies = [
+ "endi",
+ "enumflags2",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_bytes",
+ "winnow 1.0.4",
+ "zcheapstr",
+ "zvariant_derive",
+ "zvariant_utils",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zvariant_derive"
+version = "5.15.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "864155e69b4352db0c7f374917bf45d1e0c8d17659c8b3dbf9795f3673f8c497"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro-crate",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 3.0.6",
+ "zvariant_utils",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zvariant_utils"
+version = "4.2.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "bad0294361a320b694a328460dc73add56c306150f5cb6bfafc44446120008a3"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "serde",
+ "syn 3.0.6",
+ "winnow 1.0.4",
+]
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5134afa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+[workspace]
+resolver = "2"
+members = ["gpui-app"]
+exclude = ["src-tauri"]
+
+[workspace.package]
+edition = "2024"
+
+[profile.release]
+codegen-units = 1
+lto = true
+opt-level = 3
+panic = "abort"
+strip = true
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index bc7e512..6095a5f 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,153 +1,142 @@
-# MQTTX — MQTT v5 桌面调试工具
+# MQTTX — 基于 GPUI 的跨平台 MQTT 桌面客户端
 
-基于 **Tauri v2** + **Vue 3** + **TypeScript** 构建的跨平台 MQTT v5 调试客户端，支持完整的 MQTT v5 特性（用户属性、内容类型、消息过期、响应主题、关联数据等），提供直观的 GUI 操作体验。
+使用 **Rust + [gpui-kit](https://github.com/longbridge/gpui-kit)**（基于 [GPUI](https://github.com/zed-industries/zed)）重写的 MQTT 调试客户端，对标官方 [MQTTX](https://mqttx.app)。
+纯 Rust 实现：MQTT 引擎、数据持久化与原生 UI 同属一个轻量二进制，无 Electron/WebView 运行时。
+
+> 旧的 Tauri + Vue 版本仍保留在 `src/` 与 `src-tauri/`，新实现位于 `gpui-app/`。
 
 ## 功能特性
 
-- **MQTT v5 完整支持** — 连接、发布、订阅、取消订阅，全面支持 MQTT v5 属性
-- **多连接管理** — 同时管理多个 MQTT 连接，连接状态实时可见
-- **消息流监控** — 实时查看收发消息，支持消息过滤和搜索
-- **主题树** — 以树形结构组织订阅的主题，方便浏览
-- **预设模板** — 保存常用的连接/发布/订阅配置为预设，快速复用
-- **全局变量** — 支持在消息负载中使用 `{{变量名}}` 模板语法
-- **用户属性编辑器** — 可视化编辑 MQTT v5 用户属性键值对
-- **日志系统** — 实时日志面板 + 文件日志持久化，方便排查问题
-- **暗色模式** — 支持亮色/暗色主题切换，自动跟随系统
-- **自动更新** — 内置 Tauri 更新器，支持应用自动升级
+- **双协议支持** — MQTT 5.0 与 MQTT 3.1.1（[`rumqttc-next`](https://crates.io/crates/rumqttc-v5-next)）
+- **多传输方式** — 明文 TCP、TLS、WebSocket(ws)、WebSocket over TLS(wss)，默认 rustls（aws-lc）
+- **多连接管理** — 同时管理多个连接，侧边栏实时显示连接状态（未连接/连接中/已连接/错误），多标签页切换
+- **完整 MQTT 5 属性** — 用户属性（可视化键值对编辑器）、Content-Type、消息过期间隔、Response Topic、Correlation Data
+- **发布 / 订阅** — QoS 0/1/2、Retain、遗嘱消息（Last Will）、订阅自动恢复（auto resubscribe）、断线自动重连
+- **消息流** — 收发方向区分、时间戳、QoS/Retain 标记、点击展开查看格式化 JSON 与 v5 属性、主题/内容过滤
+- **全局变量** — 发布主题与负载中使用 `{{变量名}}`，内置 `{{$ts}}`、`{{$ts_ms}}`、`{{$uuid}}`
+- **负载格式** — Plaintext / JSON（发送前校验）/ Base64 / Hex
+- **阿里云 IoT** — Token（GroupId@@@DeviceId + HMAC-SHA1 签名）与一机一密两种鉴权方式一键生成连接
+- **连接测试** — 表单内 5 秒握手测试，保存前验证连通性
+- **日志面板** — 连接级事件日志（CONNACK/SUBACK/PUBACK/错误/重连等）
+- **主题** — 浅色 / 深色切换
+- **本地持久化** — 连接、订阅、预设、变量、设置以 JSON 存于系统数据目录
 
 ## 技术栈
 
 | 层 | 技术 |
-|---|---|
-| 桌面框架 | [Tauri v2](https://v2.tauri.app/) |
-| 前端框架 | [Vue 3](https://vuejs.org/) (Composition API + `<script setup>`) |
-| 语言 | TypeScript / Rust |
-| UI 组件库 | [Element Plus](https://element-plus.org/) |
-| MQTT 客户端 | [rumqttc v5-next](https://crates.io/crates/rumqttc-v5-next) |
-| 构建工具 | [Vite](https://vitejs.dev/) |
-| 包管理 | pnpm |
+| --- | --- |
+| UI | GPUI 0.3 + gpui-kit（gpui-component）0.6 |
+| MQTT | rumqttc-v5-next 0.34 / rumqttc-v4-next 0.34（TCP/TLS/WS） |
+| 异步 | 引擎跑在独立 tokio runtime，事件经 smol channel 泵回 UI 线程 |
+| 持久化 | serde + serde_json，原子写（临时文件 + rename） |
+| 其他 | chrono、dirs、uuid、hmac/sha1/base64（阿里云签名） |
 
-## 快速开始
+## 目录结构
 
-### 前置要求
+```
+gpui-app/
+├── Cargo.toml
+├── src/
+│   ├── main.rs          # 入口：创建窗口、挂载 gpui-kit Root
+│   ├── lib.rs           # 库导出（模型/引擎/UI 可被集成测试复用）
+│   ├── model.rs         # 数据模型（连接/订阅/消息/预设/变量/设置/模板渲染）
+│   ├── mqtt.rs          # MQTT 引擎：多连接生命周期、TLS/WS、重连、事件通道
+│   ├── store.rs         # JSON 持久化（%APPDATA%/MQTTX-GPUI）
+│   ├── aliyun.rs        # 阿里云 IoT 签名与连接生成
+│   └── ui/
+│       ├── app.rs              # 应用外壳：标题栏/侧边栏/标签页/事件泵
+│       ├── connection_form.rs  # 新建/编辑连接对话框
+│       ├── connection_view.rs  # 连接工作区：订阅、消息流、发布面板、日志
+│       ├── aliyun_dialog.rs    # 阿里云设备对话框
+│       ├── variables_dialog.rs # 全局变量对话框
+│       ├── settings_dialog.rs  # 设置对话框
+│       └── widgets.rs          # 复用组件（枚举下拉、键值对编辑器等）
+└── tests/
+    └── engine_live.rs   # 真实 broker 端到端测试（默认 ignored）
+```
 
-- [Node.js](https://nodejs.org/) >= 18
-- [pnpm](https://pnpm.io/)
-- [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org/) (安装参考 [Tauri 环境准备](https://v2.tauri.app/start/prerequisites/))
-- Windows: [Microsoft Visual Studio C++ 生成工具](https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/)
+## 构建与运行
 
-### 安装依赖
+前置：Rust nightly（GPUI 0.3 依赖，使用 `rustup default nightly`）。
 
 ```bash
-pnpm install
+# 开发运行
+cargo run -p mqttx-desktop
+
+# 优化构建
+cargo build --release -p mqttx-desktop
+# 产物：target/release/mqttx(.exe)
 ```
 
-### 开发模式运行
+> 中国大陆网络下若 `index.crates.io` 不可达，仓库已提供仅作用于本工程的
+> `.cargo/config.toml`（rsproxy 镜像）。
+
+### 端到端连通性测试
+
+测试默认 `#[ignore]`，需要外网：
 
 ```bash
-pnpm tauri dev
+MQTTX_LIVE=1 cargo test -p mqttx-desktop --test engine_live -- --ignored
 ```
 
-### 生产构建
+会连接公共服务器 `broker.emqx.io:1883`，验证：
+
+- MQTT 5.0 连接 → 订阅 → 发布 → 回环接收
+- MQTT 3.1.1 连接握手
+
+## 发布到 Gitea Package Registry
+
+构建产物可通过 Gitea 的 Generic Package API 发布，两种方式：
+
+### 方式一：手动发布（本地脚本）
+
+前置：构建 release 产物 + 一个 Gitea 访问令牌（需 `package` 写权限）。
+
+```powershell
+# Windows（PowerShell）
+$env:GITEA_URL = "https://gitea.example.com"
+$env:GITEA_TOKEN = "gta_xxx"
+.\scripts\publish-gitea.ps1                    # 默认产物 + 自动推断版本/owner
+.\scripts\publish-gitea.ps1 -Version v1.0.1    # 指定版本
+```
 
 ```bash
-pnpm tauri build
+# macOS / Linux（bash）
+export GITEA_URL=https://gitea.example.com
+export GITEA_TOKEN=gta_xxx
+./scripts/publish-gitea.sh                     # 默认产物
+./scripts/publish-gitea.sh target/release/mqttx v1.0.1
 ```
 
-构建产物将输出到 `src-tauri/target/release/bundle/` 目录。
+- **owner** 自动从 `git remote origin` 推断（可用 `GITEA_OWNER` / `-Owner` 覆盖）
+- **版本** 依次取参数 → `git describe --tags` → `Cargo.toml`
+- 每个文件附带 `.sha256` 校验侧车；同名版本重复上传按 409 跳过（Gitea 不允许覆盖）
+- 软件包页面：`{GITEA_URL}/{owner}?tab=packages`
 
-## 自动更新配置
+### 方式二：CI 自动发布（Gitea Actions）
 
-MQTTX 内置了 Tauri 更新器插件。要启用自动更新，需要完成以下步骤：
+推送 `v*` tag 即触发 [.gitea/workflows/release.yml](.gitea/workflows/release.yml)：
 
-### 1. 生成签名密钥
+1. 单元测试
+2. Windows / Linux 双平台 release 构建（产物重命名为 `mqttx-<ver>-<target>-<ext>`）
+3. 调用 `scripts/publish-gitea.sh` 上传到包注册表
 
-```bash
-pnpm tauri signer generate -w ~/.tauri/mqttx.key
-```
+需要在仓库 **Settings → Actions → Secrets** 配置 `GITEA_TOKEN`；
+若 runner 使用自定义 label，请相应修改工作流的 `runs-on`。
 
-### 2. 配置公钥
+## 数据目录
 
-将生成的公钥粘贴到 `src-tauri/tauri.conf.json` 中的 `plugins.updater.pubkey` 字段。
+| 平台 | 路径 |
+| --- | --- |
+| Windows | `%APPDATA%\MQTTX-GPUI` |
+| macOS | `~/Library/Application Support/MQTTX-GPUI` |
+| Linux | `~/.local/share/MQTTX-GPUI` |
 
-### 3. 部署更新服务器
+刻意与官方 Electron MQTTX 的 `MQTTX/` 目录区分，互不影响。读取时容忍 UTF-8 BOM。
 
-更新端点默认配置为 `https://releases.mqttx.app/update/{{target}}-{{arch}}/{{current_version}}`，需要替换为你自己的更新服务器地址。更新服务器需返回如下格式的 JSON：
+## 与 Tauri 版本的差异
 
-```json
-{
-  "version": "1.0.0",
-  "notes": "更新说明",
-  "pub_date": "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-  "platforms": {
-    "windows-x86_64": {
-      "signature": "...",
-      "url": "https://releases.example.com/mqttx_1.0.0_x64.msi.zip"
-    },
-    "darwin-x86_64": {
-      "signature": "...",
-      "url": "https://releases.example.com/mqttx_1.0.0_x64.dmg"
-    },
-    "darwin-aarch64": {
-      "signature": "...",
-      "url": "https://releases.example.com/mqttx_1.0.0_aarch64.dmg"
-    },
-    "linux-x86_64": {
-      "signature": "...",
-      "url": "https://releases.example.com/mqttx_1.0.0_amd64.AppImage"
-    }
-  }
-}
-```
-
-参考文档：[Tauri 更新器插件](https://v2.tauri.org.cn/plugin/updater/)
-
-## 项目结构
-
-```
-mqttx/
-├── src/                          # 前端源码
-│   ├── components/               # Vue 组件
-│   │   ├── common/               # 通用组件 (ContextMenu, HoverPreview)
-│   │   ├── connections/          # 连接管理相关组件
-│   │   ├── dashboard/            # 看板相关组件 (消息流、发送面板、日志等)
-│   │   ├── presets/              # 预设管理相关组件
-│   │   ├── AppLayout.vue         # 主布局
-│   │   └── App.vue               # 根组件
-│   ├── composables/              # 组合式函数
-│   │   ├── useContextMenu.ts     # 右键菜单
-│   │   └── useUpdater.ts         # 自动更新器
-│   ├── stores/                   # Pinia 状态管理
-│   │   ├── useConnections.ts     # 连接状态
-│   │   ├── useMqttBridge.ts      # MQTT 桥接 (Tauri 命令调用)
-│   │   ├── useMessages.ts        # 消息存储
-│   │   ├── useLogs.ts            # 日志管理
-│   │   └── ...
-│   ├── types/                    # TypeScript 类型定义
-│   ├── utils/                    # 工具函数
-│   ├── styles/                   # 全局样式
-│   └── main.ts                   # 入口文件
-├── src-tauri/                    # Rust 后端源码
-│   ├── src/
-│   │   ├── lib.rs                # Tauri 应用入口、命令定义
-│   │   └── main.rs               # 桌面入口点
-│   ├── Cargo.toml                # Rust 依赖
-│   └── tauri.conf.json           # Tauri 配置
-├── package.json
-├── vite.config.ts
-└── README.md
-```
-
-## 命令参考
-
-| 命令 | 说明 |
-|---|---|
-| `pnpm dev` | 启动 Vite 前端开发服务器 |
-| `pnpm build` | 构建前端 |
-| `pnpm tauri dev` | 启动 Tauri 开发模式（前端 + 桌面窗口） |
-| `pnpm tauri build` | 生产构建 |
-| `pnpm tauri signer generate` | 生成更新签名密钥对 |
-
-## 协议
-
-[MIT](./LICENSE)
\ No newline at end of file
+- 单一 Rust 二进制（release ~17MB），无需打包 Node/WebView 资源
+- MQTT 引擎从 Tauri 命令模型改为独立 tokio runtime + 事件通道，UI 直接订阅
+- 数据存储从浏览器 `localStorage` 迁移到系统数据目录下的 JSON 文件
+- 新增 TLS/WSS 传输、负载格式（Base64/Hex）、遗嘱消息、连接测试等能力
diff --git a/gpui-app/Cargo.toml b/gpui-app/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..65427e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+[package]
+name = "mqttx-desktop"
+version = "1.0.0"
+edition.workspace = true
+description = "MQTT X —— 基于 GPUI 的跨平台 MQTT 调试客户端"
+default-run = "mqttx"
+
+[[bin]]
+name = "mqttx"
+path = "src/main.rs"
+
+[dependencies]
+gpui-kit = "0.6"
+
+anyhow = "1"
+serde = { version = "1", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1"
+# MQTT 引擎运行在独立的 tokio runtime 线程上
+tokio = { version = "1", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "sync", "net", "time", "io-util"] }
+# GPUI 侧与引擎线程通信使用 smol 通道（GPUI 执行器兼容）
+smol = "2"
+
+rumqttc = { package = "rumqttc-v5-next", version = "0.34", features = ["websocket"] }
+rumqttc-v4 = { package = "rumqttc-v4-next", version = "0.34", features = ["websocket"] }
+
+uuid = { version = "1", features = ["v4"] }
+chrono = { version = "0.4", features = ["clock"] }
+dirs = "6"
+
+# 阿里云 MQTT 签名: HMAC-SHA1 -> Base64
+hmac = "0.12"
+sha1 = "0.10"
+base64 = "0.22"
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/aliyun.rs b/gpui-app/src/aliyun.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7706a1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/aliyun.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+//! 阿里云 IoT 平台一键接入预设（对标官方 MQTTX 的阿里云模板）。
+//!
+//! Token 模式鉴权参数：
+//! - clientId: `{GroupId}@@@{DeviceId}`
+//! - username: `Signature|{AccessKeyId}|{InstanceId}`
+//! - password: base64(HMAC-SHA1(AccessKeySecret, clientId))
+
+use base64::Engine as _;
+use hmac::{Hmac, Mac};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sha1::Sha1;
+
+use crate::model::{ConnectionConfig, ProtocolVersion, TransportKind};
+
+type HmacSha1 = Hmac<Sha1>;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum AliyunAuthMode {
+    /// Group ID + 设备 ID，使用账号 AccessKey 签名
+    #[default]
+    Token,
+    /// 一机一密：设备独立 DeviceName + DeviceSecret（直接以设备密钥鉴权）
+    DeviceCredential,
+}
+
+impl AliyunAuthMode {
+    pub const ALL: [Self; 2] = [Self::Token, Self::DeviceCredential];
+
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Token => "Group 令牌 (Token)",
+            Self::DeviceCredential => "一机一密",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct AliyunPreset {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    /// 分组（仅 UI 分类用）
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub group: String,
+    /// 实例 ID，如 post-cn-4591dq2ra1i
+    pub instance_id: String,
+    /// 地域 host 后缀前的 region，如 cn-shanghai；留空则使用公共接入点
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub region: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub auth_mode: AliyunAuthMode,
+
+    // Token 模式
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub access_key_id: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub access_key_secret: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub group_id: String,
+
+    // 共用
+    pub device_id: String,
+
+    // 一机一密模式
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub device_secret: String,
+}
+
+impl AliyunPreset {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+            name: "阿里云设备".into(),
+            group: String::new(),
+            instance_id: String::new(),
+            region: String::new(),
+            auth_mode: AliyunAuthMode::Token,
+            access_key_id: String::new(),
+            access_key_secret: String::new(),
+            group_id: String::new(),
+            device_id: format!("device_{}", &uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string()[..8]),
+            device_secret: String::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// HMAC-SHA1(secret, client_id) 的 Base64 编码。
+    pub fn signature(secret: &str, client_id: &str) -> Result<String, String> {
+        let mut mac =
+            HmacSha1::new_from_slice(secret.as_bytes()).map_err(|e| format!("HMAC 初始化失败: {e}"))?;
+        mac.update(client_id.as_bytes());
+        Ok(base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(mac.finalize().into_bytes()))
+    }
+
+    /// 接入点 host：`{instanceId}.mqtt.iothub.aliyuncs.com`
+    /// （实例级接入点在各区域通用；region 为空时同样可用）
+    pub fn host(&self) -> String {
+        if self.region.is_empty() {
+            format!("{}.mqtt.iothub.aliyuncs.com", self.instance_id)
+        } else {
+            format!(
+                "{}.mqtt.{}.aliyuncs.com",
+                self.instance_id, self.region
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// 由预设生成一份连接配置（不写入 id/name 之外的覆盖项）。
+    pub fn to_connection(&self) -> Result<ConnectionConfig, String> {
+        let mut conn = ConnectionConfig::new();
+        conn.name = self.name.clone();
+        conn.host = self.host();
+        conn.port = TransportKind::Tcp.default_port();
+        conn.transport = TransportKind::Tcp;
+        conn.protocol = ProtocolVersion::V311;
+        conn.clean_start = true;
+
+        match self.auth_mode {
+            AliyunAuthMode::Token => {
+                if self.group_id.is_empty()
+                    || self.access_key_id.is_empty()
+                    || self.access_key_secret.is_empty()
+                {
+                    return Err("Group ID、AccessKey ID 与 AccessKey Secret 不能为空".into());
+                }
+                let client_id = format!("{}@@@{}", self.group_id, self.device_id);
+                let password = Self::signature(&self.access_key_secret, &client_id)?;
+                conn.client_id = client_id;
+                conn.username =
+                    format!("Signature|{}|{}", self.access_key_id, self.instance_id);
+                conn.password = password;
+            }
+            AliyunAuthMode::DeviceCredential => {
+                if self.device_secret.is_empty() {
+                    return Err("设备密钥 (DeviceSecret) 不能为空".into());
+                }
+                // 一机一密三元组：clientId=设备名，username=设备名&实例，password=HMAC-SHA1(DeviceSecret, clientId)
+                let client_id = self.device_id.clone();
+                let password = Self::signature(&self.device_secret, &client_id)?;
+                conn.client_id = client_id;
+                conn.username = format!("{}&{}", self.device_id, self.instance_id);
+                conn.password = password;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(conn)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for AliyunPreset {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/lib.rs b/gpui-app/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db5cb32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+//! MQTTX：数据模型、持久化、MQTT 引擎与 GPUI 界面。
+
+pub mod aliyun;
+pub mod model;
+pub mod mqtt;
+pub mod store;
+pub mod ui;
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/main.rs b/gpui-app/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8e8780a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+use gpui_kit::component::{Root, TitleBar};
+use gpui_kit::*;
+
+use mqttx_desktop::ui;
+
+fn main() {
+    application()
+        .with_assets(gpui_kit::assets::Assets)
+        .run(|cx: &mut App| {
+            gpui_kit::init(cx);
+
+            let options = WindowOptions {
+                window_bounds: Some(WindowBounds::Windowed(Bounds::centered(
+                    None,
+                    size(px(1440.), px(900.)),
+                    cx,
+                ))),
+                ..TitleBar::window_options()
+            };
+
+            cx.open_window(options, |window, cx| {
+                let view = cx.new(|cx| ui::app::MqttXApp::new(window, cx));
+                cx.new(|cx| Root::new(view.clone(), window, cx))
+            })
+            .expect("Failed to open window");
+        });
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/model.rs b/gpui-app/src/model.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ebdfa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/model.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,658 @@
+//! 应用数据模型：连接配置、订阅、消息、日志、预设、全局变量、设置。
+//!
+//! 本层不依赖 GPUI，可被持久化层与 MQTT 引擎共用。
+
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+// ─── 连接配置 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// MQTT 协议版本。
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "kebab-case")]
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub enum ProtocolVersion {
+    /// MQTT 3.1.1
+    V311,
+    /// MQTT 5.0
+    #[default]
+    V5,
+}
+
+impl ProtocolVersion {
+    pub const ALL: [Self; 2] = [Self::V5, Self::V311];
+
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::V311 => "MQTT 3.1.1",
+            Self::V5 => "MQTT 5.0",
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_v5(self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Self::V5)
+    }
+}
+
+
+/// 传输方式。
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub enum TransportKind {
+    /// 明文 TCP，默认 1883
+    #[default]
+    Tcp,
+    /// TLS over TCP，默认 8883
+    Tls,
+    /// WebSocket (ws://)，默认 8083
+    Ws,
+    /// WebSocket over TLS (wss://)，默认 8084
+    Wss,
+}
+
+impl TransportKind {
+    pub const ALL: [Self; 4] = [Self::Tcp, Self::Tls, Self::Ws, Self::Wss];
+
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Tcp => "TCP",
+            Self::Tls => "TLS",
+            Self::Ws => "WebSocket",
+            Self::Wss => "WSS",
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn default_port(self) -> u16 {
+        match self {
+            Self::Tcp => 1883,
+            Self::Tls => 8883,
+            Self::Ws => 8083,
+            Self::Wss => 8084,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_tls(self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Self::Tls | Self::Wss)
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_websocket(self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Self::Ws | Self::Wss)
+    }
+}
+
+
+/// MQTT 5 遗嘱消息（3.1.1 下忽略 v5 专属属性）。
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct LastWill {
+    pub topic: String,
+    pub payload: String,
+    pub qos: u8,
+    pub retain: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub content_type: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub response_topic: Option<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct ConnectionConfig {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    /// 主机（不含端口、协议前缀）
+    pub host: String,
+    pub port: u16,
+    /// WebSocket 路径，如 /mqtt
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub path: String,
+
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub protocol: ProtocolVersion,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub transport: TransportKind,
+
+    pub client_id: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub username: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub password: String,
+
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub clean_start: bool,
+    #[serde(default = "default_keep_alive")]
+    pub keep_alive: u16,
+
+    // ── MQTT 5 专属 ──
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub session_expiry_interval: u32,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub receive_maximum: Option<u16>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub maximum_packet_size: Option<u32>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub topic_alias_maximum: Option<u16>,
+
+    /// 连接成功后自动恢复已保存的订阅
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub auto_resubscribe: bool,
+    /// 断线自动重连
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub auto_reconnect: bool,
+
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub last_will: Option<LastWill>,
+
+    /// 创建时间（unix 秒），用于排序
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub created_at: i64,
+}
+
+fn default_true() -> bool {
+    true
+}
+fn default_keep_alive() -> u16 {
+    60
+}
+
+impl ConnectionConfig {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        let transport = TransportKind::default();
+        Self {
+            id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+            name: "新建连接".into(),
+            host: "broker.emqx.io".into(),
+            port: transport.default_port(),
+            path: "/mqtt".into(),
+            protocol: ProtocolVersion::V5,
+            transport,
+            client_id: format!("mqttx_{}", &uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string()[..8]),
+            username: String::new(),
+            password: String::new(),
+            clean_start: true,
+            keep_alive: 60,
+            session_expiry_interval: 0,
+            receive_maximum: None,
+            maximum_packet_size: None,
+            topic_alias_maximum: None,
+            auto_resubscribe: true,
+            auto_reconnect: true,
+            last_will: None,
+            created_at: chrono::Local::now().timestamp(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// broker.emqx.io 等公共服务器的快速预设。
+    pub fn with_public(name: &str, host: &str, port: u16, transport: TransportKind) -> Self {
+        let mut c = Self::new();
+        c.name = name.into();
+        c.host = host.into();
+        c.port = port;
+        c.transport = transport;
+        c
+    }
+
+    pub fn display_address(&self) -> String {
+        format!("{}:{}", self.host, self.port)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for ConnectionConfig {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 订阅 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct Subscription {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub connection_id: String,
+    pub topic: String,
+    pub qos: u8,
+    /// 本地备注颜色（与 MQTTX 一致，按订阅给消息着色），0..=359 色相
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub color: Option<f32>,
+}
+
+impl Subscription {
+    pub fn new(connection_id: impl Into<String>, topic: impl Into<String>, qos: u8) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+            connection_id: connection_id.into(),
+            topic: topic.into(),
+            qos,
+            color: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 消息 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum Direction {
+    Received,
+    Published,
+}
+
+impl Direction {
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Received => "接收",
+            Self::Published => "发布",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub enum PayloadFormat {
+    #[default]
+    Plaintext,
+    Json,
+    Base64,
+    Hex,
+}
+
+impl PayloadFormat {
+    pub const ALL: [Self; 4] = [Self::Plaintext, Self::Json, Self::Base64, Self::Hex];
+
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Plaintext => "Plaintext",
+            Self::Json => "JSON",
+            Self::Base64 => "Base64",
+            Self::Hex => "Hex",
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn encode(self, text: &str) -> Result<Vec<u8>, String> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Plaintext | Self::Json => Ok(text.as_bytes().to_vec()),
+            Self::Base64 => {
+                use base64::Engine as _;
+                base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD
+                    .decode(text.trim())
+                    .map_err(|e| format!("Base64 解码失败: {e}"))
+            }
+            Self::Hex => {
+                let cleaned: String = text.chars().filter(|c| !c.is_whitespace()).collect();
+                if !cleaned.len().is_multiple_of(2) {
+                    return Err("Hex 长度必须为偶数（每两个字符一个字节）".into());
+                }
+                (0..cleaned.len())
+                    .step_by(2)
+                    .map(|i| {
+                        u8::from_str_radix(&cleaned[i..i + 2], 16)
+                            .map_err(|e| format!("Hex 解码失败: {e}"))
+                    })
+                    .collect()
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+/// 一条收到/发出的消息记录。payload 以 UTF-8 文本保存（非文本按 lossy 显示）。
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct MqttRecord {
+    pub seq: u64,
+    pub connection_id: String,
+    pub direction: Direction,
+    pub topic: String,
+    pub payload: String,
+    pub qos: u8,
+    pub retain: bool,
+    /// unix 毫秒
+    pub timestamp: i64,
+    pub user_properties: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    pub content_type: Option<String>,
+    pub response_topic: Option<String>,
+    pub correlation_data: Option<String>,
+    pub message_expiry_interval: Option<u32>,
+    pub subscription_identifier: Option<u32>,
+}
+
+// ─── 发布参数 / 发布预设 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct PublishParams {
+    pub topic: String,
+    /// 用于界面展示与记录的文本负载。
+    pub payload: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub payload_format: PayloadFormat,
+    pub qos: u8,
+    pub retain: bool,
+    /// MQTT 5 用户属性
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub user_properties: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub content_type: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub message_expiry_interval: Option<u32>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub response_topic: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub correlation_data: Option<String>,
+    /// 实际发送的字节。Base64/Hex 时为解码结果；不持久化、不参与预设。
+    /// None 时引擎回退为 `payload.as_bytes()`。
+    #[serde(skip)]
+    pub raw_bytes: Option<Vec<u8>>,
+}
+
+/// 发布预设：保存常用的发布参数，一键复用（对标 MQTTX Publish Scripts/Preset）。
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct PublishPreset {
+    pub id: String,
+    pub name: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub connection_id: Option<String>,
+    #[serde(flatten)]
+    pub params: PublishParams,
+}
+
+impl PublishPreset {
+    pub fn new(name: impl Into<String>, params: PublishParams) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            id: uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string(),
+            name: name.into(),
+            connection_id: None,
+            params,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 全局变量 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct GlobalVariable {
+    pub key: String,
+    pub value: String,
+}
+
+/// 解析 `{{key}}` 模板：
+/// - 用户定义的全局变量优先；
+/// - 内置变量：`{{$ts}}`（unix 秒）、`{{$ts_ms}}`（毫秒）、`{{$uuid}}`；
+/// - 找不到的占位符保持原样。
+pub fn render_template(input: &str, vars: &[GlobalVariable]) -> String {
+    let mut out = String::with_capacity(input.len());
+    let bytes = input.as_bytes();
+    // 同一次渲染内时间基准保持一致，避免一条消息里多个时间变量取值不同。
+    let now_ms = chrono::Local::now().timestamp_millis();
+    let now_s = now_ms / 1000;
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i < bytes.len() {
+        if i + 1 < bytes.len() && bytes[i] == b'{' && bytes[i + 1] == b'{'
+            && let Some(rel_end) = input[i + 2..].find("}}") {
+                let key = &input[i + 2..i + 2 + rel_end];
+                let resolved = match key.trim() {
+                    "$ts" => Some(now_s.to_string()),
+                    "$ts_ms" => Some(now_ms.to_string()),
+                    "$uuid" => Some(uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string()),
+                    k => vars
+                        .iter()
+                        .find(|v| v.key == k)
+                        .map(|v| v.value.clone()),
+                };
+                match resolved {
+                    Some(v) => out.push_str(&v),
+                    None => out.push_str(&input[i..i + 2 + rel_end + 2]),
+                }
+                i = i + 2 + rel_end + 2;
+                continue;
+            }
+        // 按字符推进，避免把多字节 UTF-8 拆开
+        let ch = input[i..].chars().next().unwrap();
+        out.push(ch);
+        i += ch.len_utf8();
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+// ─── 日志 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum LogLevel {
+    Debug,
+    Info,
+    Warn,
+    Error,
+}
+
+impl LogLevel {
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Debug => "DEBUG",
+            Self::Info => "INFO",
+            Self::Warn => "WARN",
+            Self::Error => "ERROR",
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn parse(s: &str) -> Self {
+        match s {
+            "debug" => Self::Debug,
+            "warn" => Self::Warn,
+            "error" => Self::Error,
+            _ => Self::Info,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct LogEntry {
+    pub timestamp: i64,
+    pub connection_id: String,
+    pub level: LogLevel,
+    pub event: String,
+    pub message: String,
+    pub details: Option<String>,
+}
+
+// ─── 连接状态 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]
+pub enum ConnectionStatus {
+    #[default]
+    Disconnected,
+    Connecting,
+    Connected,
+    Error,
+}
+
+impl ConnectionStatus {
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Disconnected => "未连接",
+            Self::Connecting => "连接中",
+            Self::Connected => "已连接",
+            Self::Error => "错误",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 应用设置 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum ThemeModePref {
+    Light,
+    Dark,
+    #[default]
+    System,
+}
+
+impl ThemeModePref {
+    pub const ALL: [Self; 3] = [Self::System, Self::Light, Self::Dark];
+
+    pub fn label(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::System => "跟随系统",
+            Self::Light => "浅色",
+            Self::Dark => "深色",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct AppSettings {
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub theme: ThemeModePref,
+    /// 每条连接在内存中保留的最大消息条数
+    #[serde(default = "default_max_messages")]
+    pub max_messages: usize,
+    /// 时间戳是否显示毫秒
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub show_millis: bool,
+    /// 是否自动检查更新（占位，暂不实现更新）
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub auto_check_update: bool,
+}
+
+fn default_max_messages() -> usize {
+    2000
+}
+
+impl Default for AppSettings {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            theme: ThemeModePref::default(),
+            max_messages: default_max_messages(),
+            show_millis: true,
+            auto_check_update: true,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 单元测试 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    // 修复回归：Hex 奇数长度必须报错，不能静默截断
+    #[test]
+    fn hex_odd_length_is_rejected() {
+        let err = PayloadFormat::Hex.encode("abc").unwrap_err();
+        assert!(err.contains("偶数"), "应提示偶数长度，实际: {err}");
+        assert!(PayloadFormat::Hex.encode("").is_ok());
+        assert_eq!(
+            PayloadFormat::Hex.encode("68 69").unwrap(),
+            vec![0x68, 0x69],
+            "空白应被忽略"
+        );
+        assert!(PayloadFormat::Hex.encode("zz").is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn base64_encode_roundtrip() {
+        use base64::Engine as _;
+        let text = "hello 世界";
+        let encoded = base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(text);
+        assert_eq!(PayloadFormat::Base64.encode(&encoded).unwrap(), text.as_bytes());
+        assert!(PayloadFormat::Base64.encode("not base64!!!").is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn plaintext_and_json_encode_as_utf8() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            PayloadFormat::Plaintext.encode("中文").unwrap(),
+            "中文".as_bytes()
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            PayloadFormat::Json.encode(r#"{"a":1}"#).unwrap(),
+            r#"{"a":1}"#.as_bytes()
+        );
+    }
+
+    // 修复回归：raw_bytes 是运行时字段，不得写入持久化 JSON
+    #[test]
+    fn raw_bytes_not_serialized() {
+        let p = PublishParams {
+            topic: "t".into(),
+            payload: "hi".into(),
+            raw_bytes: Some(vec![0x00, 0xff]),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let json = serde_json::to_string(&p).unwrap();
+        assert!(!json.contains("raw_bytes"), "raw_bytes 不应被序列化: {json}");
+        let back: PublishParams = serde_json::from_str(&json).unwrap();
+        assert!(back.raw_bytes.is_none());
+        // 反序列化时输入中的 raw_bytes 字段应被忽略（skip 双向生效）
+        let mut with_junk = serde_json::to_string(&PublishParams::default()).unwrap();
+        with_junk.pop(); // 去掉结尾 '}'
+        with_junk.push_str(r#", "raw_bytes":[1,2]}"#);
+        let back: PublishParams = serde_json::from_str(&with_junk).unwrap();
+        assert!(back.raw_bytes.is_none(), "#[serde(skip)] 应忽略输入字段");
+    }
+
+    // 修复回归：同一条消息内 $ts 与 $ts_ms 基于同一时刻
+    #[test]
+    fn template_timestamps_share_one_timebase() {
+        let out = render_template("s={{$ts}} ms={{$ts_ms}}", &[]);
+        let (s_part, ms_part) = out.split_once(" ms=").expect("格式 s=.. ms=..");
+        let s: i64 = s_part
+            .strip_prefix("s=")
+            .expect("秒字段")
+            .parse()
+            .unwrap();
+        let ms: i64 = ms_part.parse().expect("毫秒字段");
+        assert_eq!(s, ms / 1000, "秒与毫秒应来自同一时间基准: {out}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn template_unknown_placeholder_kept_and_custom_var_resolved() {
+        assert_eq!(render_template("{{$unknown}}", &[]), "{{$unknown}}");
+        let vars = vec![GlobalVariable {
+            key: "device".into(),
+            value: "sensor-1".into(),
+        }];
+        assert!(render_template("d={{device}}/{{$uuid}}", &vars).starts_with("d=sensor-1/"));
+        // 多字节字符不被拆坏
+        assert_eq!(render_template("中文{{$no}}", &[]), "中文{{$no}}");
+    }
+
+    // 预设持久化往返：raw_bytes 不落盘，参数完整保留
+    #[test]
+    fn publish_preset_roundtrip_skips_raw_bytes() {
+        let preset = PublishPreset {
+            id: "p1".into(),
+            name: "报警".into(),
+            connection_id: Some("c1".into()),
+            params: PublishParams {
+                topic: "alarm/{{device}}".into(),
+                payload: "6869".into(),
+                payload_format: PayloadFormat::Hex,
+                qos: 1,
+                retain: true,
+                content_type: Some("application/json".into()),
+                user_properties: vec![("k".into(), "v".into())],
+                raw_bytes: Some(vec![0x68, 0x69]),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        };
+        let json = serde_json::to_string(&preset).unwrap();
+        let back: PublishPreset = serde_json::from_str(&json).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(back.name, "报警");
+        assert_eq!(back.params.topic, "alarm/{{device}}");
+        assert_eq!(back.params.payload_format, PayloadFormat::Hex);
+        assert_eq!(back.params.qos, 1);
+        assert!(back.params.retain);
+        assert_eq!(back.params.content_type.as_deref(), Some("application/json"));
+        assert_eq!(back.params.user_properties.len(), 1);
+        assert!(back.params.raw_bytes.is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn payload_format_equality_and_default() {
+        assert_eq!(PayloadFormat::default(), PayloadFormat::Plaintext);
+        assert_ne!(PayloadFormat::Hex, PayloadFormat::Base64);
+        let json = serde_json::to_string(&PayloadFormat::Hex).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            serde_json::from_str::<PayloadFormat>(&json).unwrap(),
+            PayloadFormat::Hex
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/mqtt.rs b/gpui-app/src/mqtt.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c0d070a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/mqtt.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,981 @@
+//! MQTT 引擎：在独立 tokio runtime 上管理多个连接的生命周期，
+//! 通过 smol 无界通道把状态/消息/日志事件送回 GPUI 线程。
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU64, Ordering};
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+
+use rumqttc::mqttbytes::v5::{
+    ConnectReturnCode as V5ReturnCode, Packet as V5Packet, Publish as V5Publish,
+    PublishProperties as V5PublishProperties,
+};
+use rumqttc::{
+    AsyncClient as V5AsyncClient, Broker as V5Broker, ConnectionError as V5Error,
+    Event as V5Event, EventLoop as V5EventLoop, MqttOptions as V5Options, Outgoing as V5Outgoing,
+    PublishOptions as V5PublishOptions, QoS as V5QoS, Transport as V5Transport,
+};
+use rumqttc_v4 as rv4;
+use tokio::sync::watch;
+
+use crate::model::{
+    ConnectionConfig, ConnectionStatus, Direction, LogEntry, LogLevel, MqttRecord, PublishParams,
+    Subscription, TransportKind,
+};// ─── 引擎事件 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub enum EngineEvent {
+    /// 连接状态变化
+    Status {
+        connection_id: String,
+        status: ConnectionStatus,
+        error: Option<String>,
+        reason_code: Option<u8>,
+        session_present: Option<bool>,
+    },
+    /// 收到消息
+    Message(MqttRecord),
+    /// 一条本地发出的消息（已成功交给客户端）
+    Published {
+        connection_id: String,
+        topic: String,
+        payload: String,
+        qos: u8,
+        retain: bool,
+        content_type: Option<String>,
+        user_properties: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    },
+    /// 订阅请求结果（tracked，等待 SUBACK）
+    SubscribeResult {
+        connection_id: String,
+        topic: String,
+        qos: u8,
+        ok: bool,
+        error: Option<String>,
+    },
+    /// 日志
+    Log(LogEntry),
+}
+
+pub type EventSender = smol::channel::Sender<EngineEvent>;
+
+// ─── 句柄 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+enum ClientKind {
+    V5(V5AsyncClient),
+    V4(rv4::AsyncClient),
+}
+
+struct ConnHandle {
+    client: ClientKind,
+    cancel_tx: watch::Sender<bool>,
+    connected: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+}
+
+pub struct MqttEngine {
+    runtime: tokio::runtime::Runtime,
+    conns: Mutex<HashMap<String, ConnHandle>>,
+    tx: EventSender,
+    seq: Arc<AtomicU64>,
+}
+
+fn now_ms() -> i64 {
+    chrono::Local::now().timestamp_millis()
+}
+
+impl MqttEngine {
+    pub fn new(tx: EventSender) -> Arc<Self> {
+        let runtime = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
+            .worker_threads(2)
+            .enable_all()
+            .thread_name("mqtt-engine")
+            .build()
+            .expect("创建 tokio runtime 失败");
+        Arc::new(Self {
+            runtime,
+            conns: Mutex::new(HashMap::new()),
+            tx,
+            seq: Arc::new(AtomicU64::new(1)),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn next_seq(&self) -> u64 {
+        self.seq.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed)
+    }
+
+    fn emit(&self, event: EngineEvent) {
+        let _ = self.tx.try_send(event);
+    }
+
+    fn log(&self, conn_id: &str, level: LogLevel, event: &str, message: String, details: Option<String>) {
+        self.emit(EngineEvent::Log(LogEntry {
+            timestamp: now_ms(),
+            connection_id: conn_id.to_string(),
+            level,
+            event: event.to_string(),
+            message,
+            details,
+        }));
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_connected(&self, id: &str) -> bool {
+        let Ok(map) = self.conns.lock() else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        map.get(id)
+            .map(|h| h.connected.load(Ordering::SeqCst))
+            .unwrap_or(false)
+    }
+
+    // ── 连接 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn connect(self: &Arc<Self>, cfg: ConnectionConfig) {
+        // 关闭同名旧连接
+        self.close(&cfg.id, false);
+
+        let id = cfg.id.clone();
+        self.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+            connection_id: id.clone(),
+            status: ConnectionStatus::Connecting,
+            error: None,
+            reason_code: None,
+            session_present: None,
+        });
+        self.log(
+            &id,
+            LogLevel::Info,
+            "connect",
+            format!(
+                "正在连接 {}:{} ({}, {})",
+                cfg.host,
+                cfg.port,
+                cfg.protocol.label(),
+                cfg.transport.label()
+            ),
+            None,
+        );
+
+        let engine = Arc::clone(self);
+        self.runtime.spawn(async move {
+            let build = if cfg.protocol.is_v5() {
+                build_v5(&cfg)
+                    .map(|(client, el)| (ClientKind::V5(client), EventLoopKind::V5(Box::new(el))))
+            } else {
+                build_v4(&cfg)
+                    .map(|(client, el)| (ClientKind::V4(client), EventLoopKind::V4(Box::new(el))))
+            };
+
+            let (client, eventloop) = match build {
+                Ok(pair) => pair,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                        connection_id: id.clone(),
+                        status: ConnectionStatus::Error,
+                        error: Some(e.clone()),
+                        reason_code: None,
+                        session_present: None,
+                    });
+                    engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "connect_error", format!("连接失败: {e}"), None);
+                    return;
+                }
+            };
+
+            let connected = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
+            let (cancel_tx, cancel_rx) = watch::channel(false);
+            let handle = ConnHandle {
+                client,
+                cancel_tx,
+                connected: connected.clone(),
+            };
+            engine
+                .conns
+                .lock()
+                .unwrap()
+                .insert(id.clone(), handle);
+
+            match eventloop {
+                EventLoopKind::V5(el) => {
+                    spawn_v5_loop(
+                        engine.clone(),
+                        id,
+                        *el,
+                        cancel_rx,
+                        connected,
+                        cfg.auto_reconnect,
+                    );
+                }
+                EventLoopKind::V4(el) => {
+                    spawn_v4_loop(
+                        engine.clone(),
+                        id,
+                        *el,
+                        cancel_rx,
+                        connected,
+                        cfg.auto_reconnect,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// 主动断开。`notify` 为 true 时发出 Disconnected 状态（用户操作）。
+    pub fn close(&self, id: &str, user_initiated: bool) {
+        let handle = self.conns.lock().unwrap().remove(id);
+        if let Some(h) = handle {
+            let _ = h.cancel_tx.send(true);
+            let connected = h.connected.clone();
+            // 发送 MQTT DISCONNECT 报文后丢弃客户端
+            self.runtime.spawn(async move {
+                match h.client {
+                    ClientKind::V5(c) => {
+                        let _ = c.disconnect().await;
+                    }
+                    ClientKind::V4(c) => {
+                        let _ = c.disconnect().await;
+                    }
+                }
+                connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+            });
+            if user_initiated {
+                self.log(id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect", "用户请求断开连接".into(), None);
+                self.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                    connection_id: id.to_string(),
+                    status: ConnectionStatus::Disconnected,
+                    error: None,
+                    reason_code: None,
+                    session_present: None,
+                });
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── 发布 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn publish(self: &Arc<Self>, connection_id: String, params: PublishParams) {
+        let engine = Arc::clone(self);
+        self.runtime.spawn(async move {
+            let Some(client) = engine.client_of(&connection_id) else {
+                engine.log(
+                    &connection_id,
+                    LogLevel::Error,
+                    "publish_error",
+                    "发布失败: 连接不存在".into(),
+                    None,
+                );
+                return;
+            };
+            let payload = params
+                .raw_bytes
+                .clone()
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| params.payload.as_bytes().to_vec());
+            // v5 与 v4 两个 crate 各自定义 ClientError，统一归一化为 String。
+            let result: Result<(), String> = match &client {
+                ClientKind::V5(client) => {
+                    let props = V5PublishProperties {
+                        user_properties: params.user_properties.clone(),
+                        content_type: params.content_type.clone(),
+                        message_expiry_interval: params.message_expiry_interval,
+                        response_topic: params.response_topic.clone(),
+                        correlation_data: params
+                            .correlation_data
+                            .clone()
+                            .map(|s| s.into_bytes().into()),
+                        ..Default::default()
+                    };
+                    let options = V5PublishOptions::new(v5_qos(params.qos))
+                        .retain(params.retain)
+                        .properties(props);
+                    client
+                        .publish(params.topic.clone(), payload, options)
+                        .await
+                        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+                }
+                ClientKind::V4(client) => {
+                    let options =
+                        rv4::PublishOptions::new(v4_qos(params.qos)).retain(params.retain);
+                    client
+                        .publish(params.topic.clone(), payload, options)
+                        .await
+                        .map_err(|e| e.to_string())
+                }
+            };
+            match result {
+                Ok(_) => {
+                    engine.log(
+                        &connection_id,
+                        LogLevel::Info,
+                        "publish_sent",
+                        format!(
+                            "发布消息到 {} (QoS {}, retain={})",
+                            params.topic, params.qos, params.retain
+                        ),
+                        None,
+                    );
+                    engine.emit(EngineEvent::Published {
+                        connection_id,
+                        topic: params.topic,
+                        payload: params.payload,
+                        qos: params.qos,
+                        retain: params.retain,
+                        content_type: params.content_type,
+                        user_properties: params.user_properties,
+                    });
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    engine.log(
+                        &connection_id,
+                        LogLevel::Error,
+                        "publish_error",
+                        format!("发布失败: {e}"),
+                        None,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    // ── 订阅 / 取消订阅 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn subscribe(self: &Arc<Self>, connection_id: String, sub: Subscription) {
+        let engine = Arc::clone(self);
+        self.runtime.spawn(async move {
+            let Some(client) = engine.client_of(&connection_id) else {
+                engine.emit(EngineEvent::SubscribeResult {
+                    connection_id,
+                    topic: sub.topic,
+                    qos: sub.qos,
+                    ok: false,
+                    error: Some("连接不存在".into()),
+                });
+                return;
+            };
+            engine.log(
+                &connection_id,
+                LogLevel::Info,
+                "subscribe",
+                format!("订阅主题: {} (QoS {})", sub.topic, sub.qos),
+                None,
+            );
+            let result = match &client {
+                ClientKind::V5(client) => {
+                    match client
+                        .subscribe_tracked(sub.topic.clone(), v5_qos(sub.qos))
+                        .await
+                    {
+                        Ok(notice) => notice.wait_completion_async().await.map_err(|e| {
+                            format!("订阅被拒绝: {e}")
+                        }),
+                        Err(e) => Err(format!("订阅请求失败: {e}")),
+                    }
+                }
+                ClientKind::V4(client) => {
+                    match client
+                        .subscribe_tracked(sub.topic.clone(), v4_qos(sub.qos))
+                        .await
+                    {
+                        Ok(notice) => notice.wait_completion_async().await.map_err(|e| {
+                            format!("订阅被拒绝: {e}")
+                        }),
+                        Err(e) => Err(format!("订阅请求失败: {e}")),
+                    }
+                }
+            };
+            let (ok, error) = match result {
+                Ok(()) => (true, None),
+                Err(e) => {
+                    engine.log(
+                        &connection_id,
+                        LogLevel::Error,
+                        "subscribe_error",
+                        e.clone(),
+                        None,
+                    );
+                    (false, Some(e))
+                }
+            };
+            engine.emit(EngineEvent::SubscribeResult {
+                connection_id,
+                topic: sub.topic,
+                qos: sub.qos,
+                ok,
+                error,
+            });
+        });
+    }
+
+    pub fn unsubscribe(self: &Arc<Self>, connection_id: String, topic: String) {
+        let engine = Arc::clone(self);
+        self.runtime.spawn(async move {
+            let Some(client) = engine.client_of(&connection_id) else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let result: Result<(), String> = match &client {
+                ClientKind::V5(client) => client
+                    .unsubscribe(topic.clone())
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string()),
+                ClientKind::V4(client) => client
+                    .unsubscribe(topic.clone())
+                    .await
+                    .map_err(|e| e.to_string()),
+            };
+            match result {
+                Ok(()) => {
+                    engine.log(
+                        &connection_id,
+                        LogLevel::Info,
+                        "unsubscribe",
+                        format!("取消订阅: {topic}"),
+                        None,
+                    );
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    engine.log(
+                        &connection_id,
+                        LogLevel::Error,
+                        "unsubscribe_error",
+                        format!("取消订阅失败: {e}"),
+                        None,
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// 测试连接：5 秒内等待 CONNACK，结果通过 channel 返回。
+    pub fn test_connection(
+        self: &Arc<Self>,
+        cfg: ConnectionConfig,
+    ) -> smol::channel::Receiver<Result<(), String>> {
+        let (tx, rx) = smol::channel::bounded(1);
+        self.runtime.spawn(async move {
+            let result = tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5), async {
+                test_handshake(&cfg).await
+            })
+            .await;
+            let reply = match result {
+                Ok(inner) => inner,
+                Err(_) => Err("连接测试超时（5 秒），请检查主机地址与端口".into()),
+            };
+            let _ = tx.try_send(reply);
+        });
+        rx
+    }
+
+    // ── 内部工具 ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /// 克隆一个连接的异步客户端用于发命令。
+    /// 不持有 std Mutex 守卫跨 await，避免与 tokio runtime 的 Send 要求冲突。
+    fn client_of(&self, id: &str) -> Option<ClientKind> {
+        let map = self.conns.lock().ok()?;
+        let h = map.get(id)?;
+        Some(match &h.client {
+            ClientKind::V5(c) => ClientKind::V5(c.clone()),
+            ClientKind::V4(c) => ClientKind::V4(c.clone()),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+enum EventLoopKind {
+    // 两个事件循环都在 KB 级，装箱让枚举本身只有指针大小
+    V5(Box<V5EventLoop>),
+    V4(Box<rv4::EventLoop>),
+}
+
+// ─── 选项构建 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn build_v5(
+    cfg: &ConnectionConfig,
+) -> Result<(V5AsyncClient, V5EventLoop), String> {
+    let mut opts = match cfg.transport {
+        TransportKind::Tcp | TransportKind::Tls => {
+            V5Options::new(cfg.client_id.clone(), V5Broker::tcp(&cfg.host, cfg.port))
+        }
+        TransportKind::Ws => {
+            let url = format!("ws://{}:{}{}", cfg.host, cfg.port, normalize_path(&cfg.path));
+            V5Options::new(cfg.client_id.clone(), V5Broker::websocket(url).map_err(|e| format!("{e:?}"))?)
+        }
+        TransportKind::Wss => {
+            let url = format!("wss://{}:{}{}", cfg.host, cfg.port, normalize_path(&cfg.path));
+            V5Options::try_websocket_with_default_tls(cfg.client_id.clone(), url)
+                .map_err(|e| format!("{e:?}"))?
+        }
+    };
+
+    if cfg.transport == TransportKind::Tls {
+        opts.set_transport(
+            V5Transport::try_tls_with_default_config().map_err(|e| format!("TLS 初始化失败: {e:?}"))?,
+        );
+    }
+
+    opts.set_keep_alive(cfg.keep_alive);
+    opts.set_clean_start(cfg.clean_start);
+    if cfg.session_expiry_interval > 0 {
+        opts.set_session_expiry_interval(Some(cfg.session_expiry_interval));
+    }
+    if !cfg.username.is_empty() {
+        opts.set_credentials(cfg.username.clone(), cfg.password.clone());
+    }
+    if let Some(v) = cfg.receive_maximum {
+        opts.set_receive_maximum(Some(v));
+    }
+    if let Some(v) = cfg.maximum_packet_size {
+        opts.set_max_packet_size(Some(v));
+    }
+    if let Some(v) = cfg.topic_alias_maximum {
+        opts.set_topic_alias_max(Some(v));
+    }
+    if let Some(will) = &cfg.last_will
+        && !will.topic.is_empty() {
+            let lw = rumqttc::mqttbytes::v5::LastWill::new(
+                will.topic.clone(),
+                will.payload.as_bytes().to_vec(),
+                v5_qos(will.qos),
+                will.retain,
+                None,
+            );
+            opts.set_last_will(lw);
+        }
+
+    Ok(V5AsyncClient::builder(opts).build())
+}
+
+fn build_v4(
+    cfg: &ConnectionConfig,
+) -> Result<(rv4::AsyncClient, rv4::EventLoop), String> {
+    use rv4::{Broker as V4Broker, MqttOptions as V4Options, Transport as V4Transport};
+
+    let mut opts = match cfg.transport {
+        TransportKind::Tcp | TransportKind::Tls => {
+            V4Options::new(cfg.client_id.clone(), V4Broker::tcp(&cfg.host, cfg.port))
+        }
+        TransportKind::Ws => {
+            let url = format!("ws://{}:{}{}", cfg.host, cfg.port, normalize_path(&cfg.path));
+            V4Options::new(cfg.client_id.clone(), V4Broker::websocket(url).map_err(|e| format!("{e:?}"))?)
+        }
+        TransportKind::Wss => {
+            let url = format!("wss://{}:{}{}", cfg.host, cfg.port, normalize_path(&cfg.path));
+            V4Options::try_websocket_with_default_tls(cfg.client_id.clone(), url)
+                .map_err(|e| format!("{e:?}"))?
+        }
+    };
+
+    if cfg.transport == TransportKind::Tls {
+        opts.set_transport(V4Transport::try_tls_with_default_config().map_err(
+            |e| format!("TLS 初始化失败: {e:?}"),
+        )?);
+    }
+
+    opts.set_keep_alive(cfg.keep_alive);
+    opts.set_clean_session(cfg.clean_start);
+    if !cfg.username.is_empty() {
+        opts.set_credentials(cfg.username.clone(), cfg.password.clone());
+    }
+    if let Some(will) = &cfg.last_will
+        && !will.topic.is_empty() {
+            let lw = rv4::mqttbytes::v4::LastWill::new(
+                will.topic.clone(),
+                will.payload.as_bytes().to_vec(),
+                v4_qos(will.qos),
+                will.retain,
+            );
+            opts.set_last_will(lw);
+        }
+
+    Ok(rv4::AsyncClient::builder(opts).build())
+}
+
+fn normalize_path(path: &str) -> String {
+    if path.is_empty() {
+        "/mqtt".to_string()
+    } else if path.starts_with('/') {
+        path.to_string()
+    } else {
+        format!("/{path}")
+    }
+}
+
+fn v5_qos(qos: u8) -> V5QoS {
+    match qos {
+        1 => V5QoS::AtLeastOnce,
+        2 => V5QoS::ExactlyOnce,
+        _ => V5QoS::AtMostOnce,
+    }
+}
+
+fn v4_qos(qos: u8) -> rv4::QoS {
+    match qos {
+        1 => rv4::QoS::AtLeastOnce,
+        2 => rv4::QoS::ExactlyOnce,
+        _ => rv4::QoS::AtMostOnce,
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 测试连接握手 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+async fn test_handshake(cfg_in: &ConnectionConfig) -> Result<(), String> {
+    // 握手测试必须使用独立 client_id，否则会把使用相同 client_id 的现有连接
+    // 从 broker 顶下线（MQTT 同 client_id 单会话规则）。
+    let mut cfg = cfg_in.clone();
+    cfg.client_id = format!("mqttx_test_{}", &uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string()[..8]);
+    let cfg = &cfg;
+    if cfg.protocol.is_v5() {
+        let (client, mut eventloop) = build_v5(cfg)?;
+        loop {
+            match eventloop.poll().await {
+                Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::ConnAck(ack))) => {
+                    if ack.code == V5ReturnCode::Success {
+                        // 测试完成，主动断开避免在 broker 侧残留会话
+                        let _ = client.disconnect().await;
+                        return Ok(());
+                    }
+                    return Err(format!("连接被拒绝: {:?}", ack.code));
+                }
+                Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::Disconnect(d))) => {
+                    return Err(format!("服务端断开: {:?}", d.reason_code));
+                }
+                Err(e) => return Err(format!("连接失败: {e}")),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        let (client, mut eventloop) = build_v4(cfg)?;
+        loop {
+            match eventloop.poll().await {
+                Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::ConnAck(ack))) => {
+                    if ack.code == rv4::ConnectReturnCode::Success {
+                        let _ = client.disconnect().await;
+                        return Ok(());
+                    }
+                    return Err(format!("连接被拒绝: {:?}", ack.code));
+                }
+                Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::Disconnect)) => {
+                    return Err("服务端主动断开".into());
+                }
+                Err(e) => return Err(format!("连接失败: {e}")),
+                _ => {}
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 事件循环 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+fn v5_record(seq: u64, conn_id: &str, p: &V5Publish) -> MqttRecord {
+    let props = p.properties.as_ref();
+    MqttRecord {
+        seq,
+        connection_id: conn_id.to_string(),
+        direction: Direction::Received,
+        topic: String::from_utf8_lossy(&p.topic).to_string(),
+        payload: String::from_utf8_lossy(&p.payload).to_string(),
+        qos: v5_qos_u8(p.qos),
+        retain: p.retain,
+        timestamp: now_ms(),
+        user_properties: props
+            .map(|p| p.user_properties.clone())
+            .unwrap_or_default(),
+        content_type: props.and_then(|p| p.content_type.clone()),
+        response_topic: props.and_then(|p| p.response_topic.clone()),
+        correlation_data: props.and_then(|p| {
+            p.correlation_data
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|d| d.iter().map(|b| format!("{b:02x}")).collect())
+        }),
+        message_expiry_interval: props.and_then(|p| p.message_expiry_interval),
+        subscription_identifier: props
+            .and_then(|p| p.subscription_identifiers.first().map(|v| *v as u32)),
+    }
+}
+
+fn v5_qos_u8(qos: V5QoS) -> u8 {
+    match qos {
+        V5QoS::AtMostOnce => 0,
+        V5QoS::AtLeastOnce => 1,
+        V5QoS::ExactlyOnce => 2,
+    }
+}
+
+fn spawn_v5_loop(
+    engine: Arc<MqttEngine>,
+    id: String,
+    mut eventloop: V5EventLoop,
+    mut cancel_rx: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+    connected: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+    auto_reconnect: bool,
+) {
+    let runtime = engine.runtime.handle().clone();
+    runtime.spawn(async move {
+        let mut first_connect = true;
+        loop {
+            tokio::select! {
+                event = eventloop.poll() => {
+                    match event {
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::Publish(p))) => {
+                            let topic = String::from_utf8_lossy(&p.topic).to_string();
+                            let record = v5_record(engine.next_seq(), &id, &p);
+                            engine.log(
+                                &id,
+                                LogLevel::Info,
+                                "publish_received",
+                                format!("收到消息: {topic} ({} 字节, QoS {})", p.payload.len(), v5_qos_u8(p.qos)),
+                                None,
+                            );
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Message(record));
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::ConnAck(ack))) => {
+                            let code = ack.code as u8;
+                            connected.store(ack.code == V5ReturnCode::Success, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            if ack.code == V5ReturnCode::Success {
+                                first_connect = false;
+                                engine.log(
+                                    &id,
+                                    LogLevel::Info,
+                                    "connack",
+                                    format!("连接成功 (session_present: {})", ack.session_present),
+                                    None,
+                                );
+                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                    connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                    status: ConnectionStatus::Connected,
+                                    error: None,
+                                    reason_code: Some(code),
+                                    session_present: Some(ack.session_present),
+                                });
+                            } else {
+                                engine.log(
+                                    &id,
+                                    LogLevel::Error,
+                                    "connack",
+                                    format!("连接被拒绝: {:?} (code {code})", ack.code),
+                                    None,
+                                );
+                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                    connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                    status: ConnectionStatus::Error,
+                                    error: Some(format!("{:?}", ack.code)),
+                                    reason_code: Some(code),
+                                    session_present: Some(ack.session_present),
+                                });
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::Disconnect(d))) => {
+                            connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            engine.log(
+                                &id,
+                                LogLevel::Warn,
+                                "disconnect_received",
+                                format!("收到断开连接: {:?} (code {})", d.reason_code, d.reason_code as u8),
+                                None,
+                            );
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                status: ConnectionStatus::Disconnected,
+                                error: Some(format!("{:?}", d.reason_code)),
+                                reason_code: Some(d.reason_code as u8),
+                                session_present: None,
+                            });
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::SubAck(s))) => {
+                            let granted: Vec<String> = s
+                                .return_codes
+                                .iter()
+                                .map(|c| format!("{c:?}"))
+                                .collect();
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "suback",
+                                format!("订阅确认 (packet {}): {}", s.pkid, granted.join(", ")), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::UnsubAck(_))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "unsuback", "取消订阅确认".into(), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::PubAck(a))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "puback",
+                                format!("发布确认 (packet {}, reason {:?})", a.pkid, a.reason), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::PubRec(a))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "pubrec",
+                                format!("QoS2 发布收到 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Incoming(V5Packet::PubComp(a))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "pubcomp",
+                                format!("QoS2 发布完成 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(V5Event::Outgoing(V5Outgoing::Publish(pkid))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "publish_outgoing",
+                                format!("消息已发出 (packet {pkid})"), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(_) => {}
+                        Err(V5Error::RequestsDone) => {
+                            connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                status: ConnectionStatus::Disconnected,
+                                error: None,
+                                reason_code: None,
+                                session_present: None,
+                            });
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        Err(e) => {
+                            connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                status: ConnectionStatus::Error,
+                                error: Some(e.to_string()),
+                                reason_code: None,
+                                session_present: None,
+                            });
+                            if !auto_reconnect || first_connect {
+                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "connection_error",
+                                    format!("连接错误: {e}"), None);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Warn, "connection_error",
+                                format!("连接错误，2 秒后重连: {e}"), None);
+                            tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                _ = cancel_rx.changed() => {
+                    engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect_cancelled", "连接已取消".into(), None);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        engine.conns.lock().ok().and_then(|mut m| m.remove(&id));
+    });
+}
+
+fn spawn_v4_loop(
+    engine: Arc<MqttEngine>,
+    id: String,
+    mut eventloop: rv4::EventLoop,
+    mut cancel_rx: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+    connected: Arc<AtomicBool>,
+    auto_reconnect: bool,
+) {
+    let runtime = engine.runtime.handle().clone();
+    runtime.spawn(async move {
+        let mut first_connect = true;
+        loop {
+            tokio::select! {
+                event = eventloop.poll() => {
+                    match event {
+                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::Publish(p))) => {
+                            let record = MqttRecord {
+                                seq: engine.next_seq(),
+                                connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                direction: Direction::Received,
+                                topic: String::from_utf8_lossy(&p.topic).to_string(),
+                                payload: String::from_utf8_lossy(&p.payload).to_string(),
+                                qos: match p.qos {
+                                    rv4::QoS::AtMostOnce => 0,
+                                    rv4::QoS::AtLeastOnce => 1,
+                                    rv4::QoS::ExactlyOnce => 2,
+                                },
+                                retain: p.retain,
+                                timestamp: now_ms(),
+                                user_properties: Vec::new(),
+                                content_type: None,
+                                response_topic: None,
+                                correlation_data: None,
+                                message_expiry_interval: None,
+                                subscription_identifier: None,
+                            };
+                            engine.log(
+                                &id, LogLevel::Info, "publish_received",
+                                format!("收到消息: {} ({} 字节)", record.topic, p.payload.len()), None);
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Message(record));
+                        }
+                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::ConnAck(ack))) => {
+                            connected.store(ack.code == rv4::ConnectReturnCode::Success, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            if ack.code == rv4::ConnectReturnCode::Success {
+                                first_connect = false;
+                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "connack",
+                                    format!("连接成功 (session_present: {})", ack.session_present), None);
+                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                    connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                    status: ConnectionStatus::Connected,
+                                    error: None,
+                                    reason_code: Some(0),
+                                    session_present: Some(ack.session_present),
+                                });
+                            } else {
+                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "connack",
+                                    format!("连接被拒绝: {:?}", ack.code), None);
+                                engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                    connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                    status: ConnectionStatus::Error,
+                                    error: Some(format!("{:?}", ack.code)),
+                                    reason_code: Some(1),
+                                    session_present: Some(ack.session_present),
+                                });
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::Disconnect)) => {
+                            connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                status: ConnectionStatus::Disconnected,
+                                error: Some("服务端断开".into()),
+                                reason_code: None,
+                                session_present: None,
+                            });
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::SubAck(s))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "suback",
+                                format!("订阅确认 (packet {})", s.pkid), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::UnsubAck(a))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "unsuback",
+                                format!("取消订阅确认 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(rv4::Event::Incoming(rv4::Packet::PubAck(a))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "puback",
+                                format!("发布确认 (packet {})", a.pkid), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(rv4::Event::Outgoing(rv4::Outgoing::Publish(pkid))) => {
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Debug, "publish_outgoing",
+                                format!("消息已发出 (packet {pkid})"), None);
+                        }
+                        Ok(_) => {}
+                        Err(rv4::ConnectionError::RequestsDone) => {
+                            connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                status: ConnectionStatus::Disconnected,
+                                error: None, reason_code: None, session_present: None,
+                            });
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        Err(e) => {
+                            connected.store(false, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                            engine.emit(EngineEvent::Status {
+                                connection_id: id.clone(),
+                                status: ConnectionStatus::Error,
+                                error: Some(e.to_string()),
+                                reason_code: None, session_present: None,
+                            });
+                            if !auto_reconnect || first_connect {
+                                engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Error, "connection_error",
+                                    format!("连接错误: {e}"), None);
+                                break;
+                            }
+                            engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Warn, "connection_error",
+                                format!("连接错误，2 秒后重连: {e}"), None);
+                            tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                _ = cancel_rx.changed() => {
+                    engine.log(&id, LogLevel::Info, "disconnect_cancelled", "连接已取消".into(), None);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        engine.conns.lock().ok().and_then(|mut m| m.remove(&id));
+    });
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/store.rs b/gpui-app/src/store.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1edbd1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/store.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+//! JSON 文件持久化。数据存放在系统应用数据目录的 `MQTTX-GPUI/` 下：
+//! Windows: %APPDATA%\MQTTX-GPUI，macOS: ~/Library/Application Support/MQTTX-GPUI，
+//! Linux: ~/.local/share/MQTTX-GPUI。
+//!
+//! 刻意与官方 Electron MQTTX 的 `MQTTX/` 目录区分，避免互相覆盖数据。
+
+/// 存储层诊断输出到 stderr（避免仅为文件持久化引入日志框架）。
+macro_rules! elog {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => {
+        eprintln!("[store][{}] {}",
+            chrono::Local::now().format("%H:%M:%S"),
+            format!($($arg)*))
+    };
+}
+
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+use anyhow::{Context, Result};
+
+use crate::{
+    aliyun::AliyunPreset,
+    model::{AppSettings, ConnectionConfig, GlobalVariable, PublishPreset, Subscription},
+};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct Storage {
+    dir: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl Storage {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        let dir = dirs::data_dir()
+            .unwrap_or_else(std::env::temp_dir)
+            .join("MQTTX-GPUI");
+        if let Err(e) = std::fs::create_dir_all(&dir) {
+            elog!("创建数据目录 {} 失败: {e}", dir.display());
+        }
+        Self { dir }
+    }
+
+    fn path(&self, name: &str) -> PathBuf {
+        self.dir.join(name)
+    }
+
+    fn read_json<T: for<'de> serde::Deserialize<'de>>(&self, name: &str) -> Result<Option<T>> {
+        let p = self.path(name);
+        if !p.exists() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        let mut text = std::fs::read_to_string(&p)
+            .with_context(|| format!("读取 {} 失败", p.display()))?;
+        // 容忍 Windows 编辑器/PowerShell 写入的 UTF-8 BOM
+        if text.starts_with('\u{feff}') {
+            text.drain(..3);
+        }
+        if text.trim().is_empty() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        let value = serde_json::from_str(&text)
+            .with_context(|| format!("解析 {} 失败", p.display()))?;
+        Ok(Some(value))
+    }
+
+    fn write_json<T: serde::Serialize + ?Sized>(&self, name: &str, value: &T) -> Result<()> {
+        let target = self.path(name);
+        let tmp = target.with_extension("json.tmp");
+        let text = serde_json::to_string_pretty(value)?;
+        std::fs::write(&tmp, text)
+            .with_context(|| format!("写入 {} 失败", tmp.display()))?;
+        std::fs::rename(&tmp, &target)
+            .with_context(|| format!("替换 {} 失败", target.display()))?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn dir(&self) -> &Path {
+        &self.dir
+    }
+
+    pub fn log_dir(&self) -> PathBuf {
+        self.dir.join("logs")
+    }
+
+    // ── connections ──
+    pub fn load_connections(&self) -> Vec<ConnectionConfig> {
+        self.read_json("connections.json")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+    pub fn save_connections(&self, conns: &[ConnectionConfig]) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.write_json("connections.json", conns) {
+            elog!("保存连接失败: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── subscriptions ──
+    pub fn load_subscriptions(&self) -> Vec<Subscription> {
+        self.read_json("subscriptions.json")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+    pub fn save_subscriptions(&self, subs: &[Subscription]) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.write_json("subscriptions.json", subs) {
+            elog!("保存订阅失败: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── presets ──
+    pub fn load_presets(&self) -> Vec<PublishPreset> {
+        self.read_json("presets.json")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+    pub fn save_presets(&self, presets: &[PublishPreset]) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.write_json("presets.json", presets) {
+            elog!("保存预设失败: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── variables ──
+    pub fn load_variables(&self) -> Vec<GlobalVariable> {
+        self.read_json("variables.json")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+    pub fn save_variables(&self, vars: &[GlobalVariable]) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.write_json("variables.json", vars) {
+            elog!("保存全局变量失败: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── aliyun presets ──
+    pub fn load_aliyun(&self) -> Vec<AliyunPreset> {
+        self.read_json("aliyun.json")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+    pub fn save_aliyun(&self, presets: &[AliyunPreset]) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.write_json("aliyun.json", presets) {
+            elog!("保存阿里云预设失败: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── settings ──
+    pub fn load_settings(&self) -> AppSettings {
+        self.read_json("settings.json")
+            .ok()
+            .flatten()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+    pub fn save_settings(&self, settings: &AppSettings) {
+        if let Err(e) = self.write_json("settings.json", settings) {
+            elog!("保存设置失败: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Default for Storage {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self::new()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/aliyun_dialog.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/aliyun_dialog.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b30984
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/aliyun_dialog.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,298 @@
+//! 阿里云 IoT 设备接入对话框：保存预设，并可一键生成连接并连接。
+
+use gpui_kit::component::button::{Button, ButtonVariants as _};
+use gpui_kit::component::input::{Input, InputState};
+use gpui_kit::component::select::{Select, SelectState};
+use gpui_kit::component::{
+    h_flex, notification::Notification, v_flex, ActiveTheme as _, Sizable as _, StyledExt as _,
+    WindowExt as _,
+};
+use gpui_kit::prelude::FluentBuilder as _;
+use crate::ui::IconName;
+use gpui_kit::{
+    div, px, App, AppContext as _, Context, Entity, InteractiveElement as _, StatefulInteractiveElement as _,
+    IntoElement, ParentElement as _, Render, Styled as _, Window,
+};
+
+use crate::aliyun::{AliyunAuthMode, AliyunPreset};
+use crate::model::ConnectionConfig;
+use crate::ui::app::MqttXApp;
+use crate::ui::widgets::{field, make_select, OptionDelegate};
+
+const AUTH_MODES: [&str; 2] = ["Group 令牌 (Token)", "一机一密"];
+
+struct AliyunDialog {
+    app: Entity<MqttXApp>,
+    presets: Vec<AliyunPreset>,
+    selected: Option<usize>,
+
+    name: Entity<InputState>,
+    group: Entity<InputState>,
+    instance_id: Entity<InputState>,
+    region: Entity<InputState>,
+    auth_mode: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+    access_key_id: Entity<InputState>,
+    access_key_secret: Entity<InputState>,
+    group_id: Entity<InputState>,
+    device_id: Entity<InputState>,
+    device_secret: Entity<InputState>,
+}
+
+macro_rules! text_field {
+    ($cx:expr, $window:expr, $value:expr, $ph:expr) => {
+        $cx.new(|cx| {
+            InputState::new($window, cx)
+                .default_value($value)
+                .placeholder($ph)
+        })
+    };
+}
+
+impl AliyunDialog {
+    fn new(app: Entity<MqttXApp>, presets: Vec<AliyunPreset>, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> Self {
+        let first = presets.first().cloned().unwrap_or_else(AliyunPreset::new);
+        Self {
+            app,
+            presets,
+            selected: None,
+            name: text_field!(cx, window, &first.name, "预设名称"),
+            group: text_field!(cx, window, &first.group, "分组（可选）"),
+            instance_id: text_field!(cx, window, &first.instance_id, "post-cn-xxxx"),
+            region: text_field!(cx, window, &first.region, "如 cn-shanghai（可留空）"),
+            auth_mode: make_select(
+                &AUTH_MODES,
+                match first.auth_mode {
+                    AliyunAuthMode::Token => 0,
+                    AliyunAuthMode::DeviceCredential => 1,
+                },
+                window,
+                cx,
+            ),
+            access_key_id: text_field!(cx, window, &first.access_key_id, "AccessKey ID"),
+            access_key_secret: cx.new(|cx| {
+                InputState::new(window, cx)
+                    .default_value(&first.access_key_secret)
+                    .placeholder("AccessKey Secret")
+                    .masked(true)
+            }),
+            group_id: text_field!(cx, window, &first.group_id, "GID-xxx"),
+            device_id: text_field!(cx, window, &first.device_id, "设备 ID"),
+            device_secret: cx.new(|cx| {
+                InputState::new(window, cx)
+                    .default_value(&first.device_secret)
+                    .placeholder("一机一密：DeviceSecret")
+                    .masked(true)
+            }),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn collect(&self, cx: &App) -> AliyunPreset {
+        let v = |e: &Entity<InputState>| e.read(cx).value().to_string();
+        let id = self
+            .selected
+            .and_then(|i| self.presets.get(i))
+            .map(|p| p.id.clone())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string());
+        AliyunPreset {
+            id,
+            name: v(&self.name),
+            group: v(&self.group),
+            instance_id: v(&self.instance_id),
+            region: v(&self.region),
+            auth_mode: match self.auth_mode.read(cx).selected_value() {
+                Some(1) => AliyunAuthMode::DeviceCredential,
+                _ => AliyunAuthMode::Token,
+            },
+            access_key_id: v(&self.access_key_id),
+            access_key_secret: v(&self.access_key_secret),
+            group_id: v(&self.group_id),
+            device_id: v(&self.device_id),
+            device_secret: v(&self.device_secret),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn save_preset(&mut self, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        let preset = self.collect(cx);
+        if preset.name.trim().is_empty() {
+            window.push_notification(Notification::warning("请填写预设名称"), cx);
+            return;
+        }
+        match self.selected {
+            Some(i) if i < self.presets.len() => self.presets[i] = preset,
+            _ => self.presets.push(preset),
+        }
+        let saved = self.presets.clone();
+        self.app.update(cx, |a, cx| {
+            a.save_aliyun(saved);
+            cx.notify();
+        });
+        window.push_notification(Notification::success("预设已保存"), cx);
+    }
+
+    fn connect(&self, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        let preset = self.collect(cx);
+        match preset.to_connection() {
+            Ok(conn) => {
+                let mut conn: ConnectionConfig = conn;
+                conn.name = preset.name.clone();
+                self.app.update(cx, |a, cx| {
+                    a.save_connection(conn.clone());
+                    a.engine.connect(conn);
+                    cx.notify();
+                });
+                window.close_dialog(cx);
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                window.push_notification(Notification::error(format!("无法生成连接: {e}")), cx);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Render for AliyunDialog {
+    fn render(&mut self, _window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        h_flex()
+            .gap_3()
+            .w_full()
+            // 左：预设列表
+            .child(
+                v_flex()
+                    .w(px(160.))
+                    .gap_1()
+                    .child(div().text_xs().font_semibold().child("已保存预设"))
+                    .children(
+                        self.presets
+                            .iter()
+                            .enumerate()
+                            .map(|(i, p)| {
+                                let selected = self.selected == Some(i);
+                                div()
+                                    .id(("aliyun-preset", i))
+                                    .px_2()
+                                    .py_1()
+                                    .rounded_md()
+                                    .text_sm()
+                                    .when(selected, |d| d.bg(cx.theme().secondary))
+                                    .cursor_pointer()
+                                    .child(p.name.clone())
+                                    .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, _, cx| {
+                                        // 选中仅做高亮；表单编辑的是“新建/另存”工作流
+                                        this.selected = Some(i);
+                                        cx.notify();
+                                    }))
+                            }),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new("aliyun-new")
+                            .icon(IconName::Plus)
+                            .label("新建")
+                            .ghost()
+                            .small()
+                            .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, _, cx| {
+                                this.selected = None;
+                                cx.notify();
+                            })),
+                    ),
+            )
+            // 右：表单
+            .child(
+                v_flex()
+                    .flex_1()
+                    .min_w(px(0.))
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .child(field("预设名称", Input::new(&self.name)))
+                    .child(
+                        h_flex()
+                            .gap_2()
+                            .child(
+                                div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field(
+                                    "实例 ID",
+                                    Input::new(&self.instance_id),
+                                )),
+                            )
+                            .child(
+                                div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field(
+                                    "地域",
+                                    Input::new(&self.region),
+                                )),
+                            ),
+                    )
+                    .child(field("鉴权方式", Select::new(&self.auth_mode)))
+                    .child(
+                        h_flex()
+                            .gap_2()
+                            .child(
+                                div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field(
+                                    "AccessKey ID",
+                                    Input::new(&self.access_key_id),
+                                )),
+                            )
+                            .child(
+                                div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field(
+                                    "AccessKey Secret",
+                                    Input::new(&self.access_key_secret).mask_toggle(),
+                                )),
+                            ),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        h_flex()
+                            .gap_2()
+                            .child(
+                                div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field(
+                                    "Group ID",
+                                    Input::new(&self.group_id),
+                                )),
+                            )
+                            .child(
+                                div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field(
+                                    "设备 ID",
+                                    Input::new(&self.device_id),
+                                )),
+                            ),
+                    )
+                    .child(field(
+                        "DeviceSecret（一机一密）",
+                        Input::new(&self.device_secret).mask_toggle(),
+                    ))
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                            .child("Token 模式使用 MQTT 3.1.1，clientId={GroupId}@@@{设备ID}，密码为 HMAC-SHA1 签名"),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        h_flex()
+                            .gap_2()
+                            .justify_end()
+                            .child(
+                                Button::new("aliyun-save")
+                                    .label("保存预设")
+                                    .outline()
+                                    .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| {
+                                        this.save_preset(window, cx)
+                                    })),
+                            )
+                            .child(
+                                Button::new("aliyun-connect")
+                                    .label("生成并连接")
+                                    .primary()
+                                    .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| {
+                                        this.connect(window, cx)
+                                    })),
+                            ),
+                    ),
+            )
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn open(app: Entity<MqttXApp>, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut App) {
+    let presets = app.read(cx).aliyun_presets.clone();
+    let dialog_view = cx.new(|cx| AliyunDialog::new(app, presets, window, cx));
+    window.open_dialog(cx, move |dialog, _, _| {
+        dialog
+            .w(px(760.))
+            .title("阿里云 IoT 设备")
+            .child(dialog_view.clone())
+            .footer(gpui_kit::div())
+    });
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/app.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/app.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8cb9f36
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/app.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,878 @@
+//! 应用外壳：标题栏 + 连接侧边栏 + 多标签连接视图 + 引擎事件泵。
+
+use std::collections::{HashMap, VecDeque};
+
+use gpui_kit::component::button::{Button, ButtonVariants as _};
+use gpui_kit::component::scroll::ScrollableElement as _;
+use gpui_kit::component::input::{Input, InputState};
+use gpui_kit::component::menu::{DropdownMenu as _, PopupMenuItem};
+use gpui_kit::component::tab::{Tab, TabBar};
+use gpui_kit::component::{
+    h_flex, notification::Notification, v_flex, ActiveTheme as _, Selectable as _, Sizable as _,
+    StyledExt as _, Theme, ThemeMode, TitleBar, WindowExt as _,
+};
+use gpui_kit::prelude::FluentBuilder as _;
+use gpui_kit::{
+    div, px, App, AppContext as _, Context, Entity, InteractiveElement as _, StatefulInteractiveElement as _,
+    IntoElement, ParentElement as _, Render, SharedString, Styled as _, Window,
+};
+
+use crate::aliyun::AliyunPreset;
+use crate::model::{
+    AppSettings, ConnectionConfig, ConnectionStatus, Direction, GlobalVariable, LogEntry,
+    LogLevel, MqttRecord, PublishParams, PublishPreset, Subscription, ThemeModePref,
+};
+use crate::mqtt::{EngineEvent, MqttEngine};
+use crate::store::Storage;
+use crate::ui::IconName;
+use crate::ui::{
+    connection_form::ConnectionForm,
+    connection_view::ConnectionView,
+    widgets::status_color,
+};
+
+const MAX_LOGS: usize = 3000;
+
+pub struct MqttXApp {
+    storage: Storage,
+    pub engine: std::sync::Arc<MqttEngine>,
+    _pump: gpui_kit::Task<()>,
+
+    // ── 持久化数据 ──
+    pub connections: Vec<ConnectionConfig>,
+    pub subscriptions: Vec<Subscription>,
+    pub presets: Vec<PublishPreset>,
+    pub variables: Vec<GlobalVariable>,
+    pub aliyun_presets: Vec<AliyunPreset>,
+    pub settings: AppSettings,
+
+    // ── 运行时状态 ──
+    pub statuses: HashMap<String, ConnectionStatus>,
+    pub errors: HashMap<String, String>,
+    pub messages: HashMap<String, Vec<MqttRecord>>,
+    pub logs: VecDeque<LogEntry>,
+    pub seq: u64,
+
+    // ── 标签与视图 ──
+    open_tabs: Vec<String>,
+    active_tab: Option<String>,
+    views: HashMap<String, Entity<ConnectionView>>,
+
+    search: Entity<InputState>,
+}
+
+impl MqttXApp {
+    pub fn new(window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> Self {
+        let storage = Storage::new();
+        let connections = storage.load_connections();
+        let subscriptions = storage.load_subscriptions();
+        let presets = storage.load_presets();
+        let variables = storage.load_variables();
+        let aliyun_presets = storage.load_aliyun();
+        let settings = storage.load_settings();
+
+        apply_theme(settings.theme, cx);
+
+        let (tx, rx) = smol::channel::unbounded();
+        let engine = MqttEngine::new(tx);
+
+        let weak = cx.entity().downgrade();
+        let pump = cx.spawn_in(window, async move |_this, cx: &mut gpui_kit::AsyncWindowContext| {
+            while let Ok(event) = rx.recv().await {
+                weak.update_in(cx, |app, window, cx| {
+                    app.on_engine_event(event, window, cx);
+                })
+                .ok();
+            }
+        });
+
+        let search = cx.new(|cx| InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("搜索连接…"));
+
+        
+        Self {
+            storage,
+            engine,
+            _pump: pump,
+            connections,
+            subscriptions,
+            presets,
+            variables,
+            aliyun_presets,
+            settings,
+            statuses: HashMap::new(),
+            errors: HashMap::new(),
+            messages: HashMap::new(),
+            logs: VecDeque::with_capacity(MAX_LOGS),
+            seq: 0,
+            open_tabs: Vec::new(),
+            active_tab: None,
+            views: HashMap::new(),
+            search,
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── 引擎事件 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn on_engine_event(&mut self, event: EngineEvent, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        match event {
+            EngineEvent::Status {
+                connection_id,
+                status,
+                error,
+                ..
+            } => {
+                self.statuses.insert(connection_id.clone(), status);
+                match error {
+                    Some(e) => {
+                        self.errors.insert(connection_id.clone(), e);
+                    }
+                    None => {
+                        self.errors.remove(&connection_id);
+                    }
+                }
+                if status == ConnectionStatus::Connected {
+                    self.on_connected(&connection_id);
+                }
+                if let Some(view) = self.views.get(&connection_id) {
+                    view.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.notify());
+                }
+                cx.notify();
+            }
+            EngineEvent::Message(mut record) => {
+                let id = record.connection_id.clone();
+                record.seq = self.next_seq();
+                self.push_message(id.clone(), record);
+                if let Some(view) = self.views.get(&id) {
+                    view.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.notify());
+                }
+            }
+            EngineEvent::Published {
+                connection_id,
+                topic,
+                payload,
+                qos,
+                retain,
+                content_type,
+                user_properties,
+            } => {
+                let record = MqttRecord {
+                    seq: self.next_seq(),
+                    connection_id: connection_id.clone(),
+                    direction: Direction::Published,
+                    topic,
+                    payload,
+                    qos,
+                    retain,
+                    timestamp: chrono::Local::now().timestamp_millis(),
+                    user_properties,
+                    content_type,
+                    response_topic: None,
+                    correlation_data: None,
+                    message_expiry_interval: None,
+                    subscription_identifier: None,
+                };
+                self.push_message(connection_id.clone(), record);
+                if let Some(view) = self.views.get(&connection_id) {
+                    view.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.notify());
+                }
+            }
+            EngineEvent::SubscribeResult {
+                connection_id,
+                topic,
+                qos,
+                ok,
+                error,
+            } => {
+                if ok {
+                    self.add_subscription(Subscription::new(connection_id.clone(), topic, qos));
+                } else if let Some(e) = error {
+                    window.push_notification(
+                        Notification::error(format!("订阅失败: {e}")),
+                        cx,
+                    );
+                }
+                if let Some(view) = self.views.get(&connection_id) {
+                    view.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.notify());
+                }
+            }
+            EngineEvent::Log(entry) => {
+                self.push_log(entry);
+                if let Some(id) = self.active_tab.clone()
+                    && let Some(view) = self.views.get(&id) {
+                        view.update(cx, |_, cx| cx.notify());
+                    }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn on_connected(&mut self, connection_id: &str) {
+        // 连接成功后自动恢复已保存订阅（auto resubscribe）。
+        let Some(config) = self.connections.iter().find(|c| c.id == connection_id).cloned() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if !config.auto_resubscribe {
+            return;
+        }
+        let subs: Vec<Subscription> = self
+            .subscriptions
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|s| s.connection_id == connection_id)
+            .cloned()
+            .collect();
+        for sub in subs {
+            self.engine.subscribe(connection_id.to_string(), sub);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // ── 数据工具 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn next_seq(&mut self) -> u64 {
+        self.seq += 1;
+        self.seq
+    }
+
+    fn push_message(&mut self, connection_id: String, record: MqttRecord) {
+        let cap = self.settings.max_messages.max(100);
+        let list = self.messages.entry(connection_id).or_default();
+        if list.len() >= cap {
+            let drop_n = list.len() - cap + 1;
+            list.drain(0..drop_n);
+        }
+        list.push(record);
+    }
+
+    fn push_log(&mut self, entry: LogEntry) {
+        if self.logs.len() >= MAX_LOGS {
+            self.logs.pop_front();
+        }
+        self.logs.push_back(entry);
+    }
+
+    pub fn log(&mut self, conn: &str, level: LogLevel, event: &str, message: String) {
+        self.push_log(LogEntry {
+            timestamp: chrono::Local::now().timestamp_millis(),
+            connection_id: conn.to_string(),
+            level,
+            event: event.to_string(),
+            message,
+            details: None,
+        });
+    }
+
+    // ── 连接 CRUD / 生命周期 ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn save_connection(&mut self, cfg: ConnectionConfig) {
+        if let Some(slot) = self.connections.iter_mut().find(|c| c.id == cfg.id) {
+            *slot = cfg;
+        } else {
+            self.connections.push(cfg);
+        }
+        self.storage.save_connections(&self.connections);
+    }
+
+    pub fn duplicate_connection(&mut self, id: &str) {
+        let Some(src) = self.connections.iter().find(|c| c.id == id).cloned() else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let mut copy = src;
+        copy.id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
+        copy.name = format!("{} 副本", copy.name);
+        copy.client_id =
+            format!("mqttx_{}", &uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string()[..8]);
+        self.connections.push(copy);
+        self.storage.save_connections(&self.connections);
+    }
+
+    pub fn delete_connection(&mut self, id: &str, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        self.engine.close(id, false);
+        self.connections.retain(|c| c.id != id);
+        self.subscriptions.retain(|s| s.connection_id != id);
+        self.messages.remove(id);
+        self.statuses.remove(id);
+        self.views.remove(id);
+        self.open_tabs.retain(|t| t != id);
+        if self.active_tab.as_deref() == Some(id) {
+            self.active_tab = self.open_tabs.last().cloned();
+        }
+        self.storage.save_connections(&self.connections);
+        self.storage.save_subscriptions(&self.subscriptions);
+        cx.notify();
+    }
+
+    pub fn toggle_connection(&self, cfg: &ConnectionConfig) {
+        if self.engine.is_connected(&cfg.id) {
+            self.engine.close(&cfg.id, true);
+        } else {
+            self.engine.connect(cfg.clone());
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn open_tab(&mut self, conn_id: &str, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        if !self.open_tabs.contains(&conn_id.to_string()) {
+            self.open_tabs.push(conn_id.to_string());
+            let weak = cx.entity().downgrade();
+            let engine = self.engine.clone();
+            let view = cx.new(|cx| ConnectionView::new(conn_id.to_string(), weak, engine, window, cx));
+            self.views.insert(conn_id.to_string(), view);
+        }
+        self.active_tab = Some(conn_id.to_string());
+        cx.notify();
+    }
+
+    fn close_tab(&mut self, id: &str, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        self.open_tabs.retain(|t| t != id);
+        self.views.remove(id);
+        if self.active_tab.as_deref() == Some(id) {
+            self.active_tab = self.open_tabs.last().cloned();
+        }
+        cx.notify();
+    }
+
+    // ── 订阅 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn add_subscription(&mut self, sub: Subscription) {
+        if !self
+            .subscriptions
+            .iter()
+            .any(|s| s.connection_id == sub.connection_id && s.topic == sub.topic)
+        {
+            self.subscriptions.push(sub);
+            self.storage.save_subscriptions(&self.subscriptions);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn remove_subscription(&mut self, connection_id: &str, topic: &str) {
+        self.engine
+            .unsubscribe(connection_id.to_string(), topic.to_string());
+        self.subscriptions
+            .retain(|s| !(s.connection_id == connection_id && s.topic == topic));
+        self.storage.save_subscriptions(&self.subscriptions);
+    }
+
+    // ── 变量 / 预设 / 阿里云 / 设置 ──────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn save_variables(&mut self, vars: Vec<GlobalVariable>) {
+        self.variables = vars;
+        self.storage.save_variables(&self.variables);
+    }
+
+    pub fn save_presets(&mut self, presets: Vec<PublishPreset>) {
+        self.presets = presets;
+        self.storage.save_presets(&self.presets);
+    }
+
+    /// 保存一个发布预设（按 name 去重更新）。
+    pub fn upsert_publish_preset(&mut self, name: String, params: PublishParams) {
+        match self.presets.iter_mut().find(|p| p.name == name) {
+            Some(p) => p.params = params,
+            None => self.presets.push(PublishPreset::new(name, params)),
+        }
+        self.storage.save_presets(&self.presets);
+    }
+
+    pub fn delete_publish_preset(&mut self, id: &str) {
+        self.presets.retain(|p| p.id != id);
+        self.storage.save_presets(&self.presets);
+    }
+
+    pub fn save_aliyun(&mut self, presets: Vec<AliyunPreset>) {
+        self.aliyun_presets = presets;
+        self.storage.save_aliyun(&self.aliyun_presets);
+    }
+
+    pub fn save_settings(&mut self, settings: AppSettings, cx: &mut App) {
+        apply_theme(settings.theme, cx);
+        self.settings = settings;
+        self.storage.save_settings(&self.settings);
+    }
+
+    // ── 对话框 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    pub fn open_connection_form(
+        &mut self,
+        edit: Option<ConnectionConfig>,
+        window: &mut Window,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) {
+        let app = cx.entity().downgrade();
+        let engine = self.engine.clone();
+        let form = cx.new(|cx| ConnectionForm::new(engine, edit, window, cx));
+        window.open_dialog(cx, move |dialog, _, cx| {
+            let form_ok = form.clone();
+            let form_test = form.clone();
+            let app_ok = app.clone();
+            let testing = form_test.read(cx).is_testing();
+            dialog
+                .w(px(680.))
+                .title("连接配置")
+                .child(form.clone())
+                .footer(
+                    h_flex()
+                        .gap_2()
+                        .w_full()
+                        // 测试连接常驻左下角，保存前即可验证配置
+                        .child(
+                            Button::new("form-test")
+                                .icon(if testing {
+                                    IconName::LoaderCircle
+                                } else {
+                                    IconName::PlugZap
+                                })
+                                .label(if testing { "测试中…" } else { "测试连接" })
+                                .outline()
+                                .loading(testing)
+                                .on_click(move |_, window, cx| {
+                                    form_test.update(cx, |f, cx| f.run_test(window, cx));
+                                }),
+                        )
+                        .child(div().flex_1())
+                        .child(
+                            Button::new("form-cancel")
+                                .label("取消")
+                                .outline()
+                                .on_click(|_, window, cx| window.close_dialog(cx)),
+                        )
+                        .child(
+                            Button::new("form-ok")
+                                .label("保存")
+                                .primary()
+                                .on_click(move |_, window, cx| {
+                                    let built = form_ok.read(cx).build(cx);
+                                    match built {
+                                        Ok(cfg) => {
+                                            app_ok
+                                                .update(cx, |app, cx| {
+                                                    app.save_connection(cfg);
+                                                    cx.notify();
+                                                })
+                                                .ok();
+                                            window.close_dialog(cx);
+                                        }
+                                        Err(e) => {
+                                            window.push_notification(
+                                                Notification::error(e),
+                                                cx,
+                                            );
+                                        }
+                                    }
+                                }),
+                        ),
+                )
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 主题 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn apply_theme(pref: ThemeModePref, cx: &mut App) {
+    let mode = match pref {
+        ThemeModePref::Light => ThemeMode::Light,
+        ThemeModePref::Dark => ThemeMode::Dark,
+        // 未做系统外观检测前，“跟随系统”暂按浅色处理
+        ThemeModePref::System => ThemeMode::Light,
+    };
+    Theme::change(mode, None, cx);
+}
+
+// ─── 渲染 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+impl Render for MqttXApp {
+    fn render(&mut self, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        // 0.6.x 的 Root 不自动渲染 dialog/sheet/notification 层，需由内容视图挂载。
+        v_flex()
+            .size_full()
+            .bg(cx.theme().background)
+            .text_color(cx.theme().foreground)
+            .child(self.render_titlebar(window, cx))
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .flex_1()
+                    .min_h(px(0.))
+                    .child(self.render_sidebar(window, cx))
+                    .child(self.render_main(window, cx)),
+            )
+            .children(gpui_kit::component::Root::render_sheet_layer(window, cx))
+            .children(gpui_kit::component::Root::render_dialog_layer(window, cx))
+            .children(gpui_kit::component::Root::render_notification_layer(window, cx))
+    }
+}
+
+impl MqttXApp {
+    fn render_titlebar(&mut self, _window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let app_weak = cx.entity().downgrade();
+
+        TitleBar::new().child(
+            h_flex()
+                .w_full()
+                .h_full()
+                .items_center()
+                .justify_between()
+                .pl_2()
+                .child(
+                    h_flex()
+                        .gap_2()
+                        .items_center()
+                        .child(crate::ui::logo::logo(
+                            px(26.),
+                            cx.theme().primary,
+                            cx.theme().primary_foreground,
+                        ))
+                        .child(div().text_sm().font_semibold().child("MQTTX"))
+                        .child(
+                            div()
+                                .text_xs()
+                                .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                                .child("MQTT 调试客户端"),
+                        ),
+                )
+                .child(
+                    h_flex()
+                        .gap_1()
+                        .pr_2()
+                        .items_center()
+                        .child(
+                            Button::new("new-connection")
+                                .icon(IconName::Plus)
+                                .label("新建连接")
+                                .primary()
+                                .small()
+                                .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| {
+                                    this.open_connection_form(None, window, cx);
+                                })),
+                        )
+                        .child(self.render_theme_toggle(cx))
+                        .child(
+                            Button::new("more-menu")
+                                .icon(IconName::Ellipsis)
+                                .ghost()
+                                .small()
+                                .dropdown_menu(move |menu, _, _| {
+                                    let w1 = app_weak.clone();
+                                    let w2 = app_weak.clone();
+                                    let w3 = app_weak.clone();
+                                    menu.item(
+                                        PopupMenuItem::new("阿里云设备")
+                                            .on_click(move |_, window, cx| {
+                                                if let Some(entity) = w1.upgrade() {
+                                                    crate::ui::aliyun_dialog::open(entity, window, cx);
+                                                }
+                                            }),
+                                    )
+                                    .item(PopupMenuItem::new("全局变量").on_click(
+                                        move |_, window, cx| {
+                                            if let Some(entity) = w2.upgrade() {
+                                                crate::ui::variables_dialog::open(entity, window, cx);
+                                            }
+                                        },
+                                    ))
+                                    .separator()
+                                    .item(PopupMenuItem::new("设置").on_click(
+                                        move |_, window, cx| {
+                                            if let Some(entity) = w3.upgrade() {
+                                                crate::ui::settings_dialog::open(entity, window, cx);
+                                            }
+                                        },
+                                    ))
+                                }),
+                        ),
+                ),
+        )
+    }
+
+    fn render_theme_toggle(&self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> Button {
+        let dark = cx.theme().mode == ThemeMode::Dark;
+        Button::new("toggle-theme")
+            .icon(if dark { IconName::Sun } else { IconName::Moon })
+            .ghost()
+            .small()
+            .tooltip(if dark { "切换为浅色" } else { "切换为深色" })
+            .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, _, cx| {
+                let next = if cx.theme().mode == ThemeMode::Dark {
+                    ThemeModePref::Light
+                } else {
+                    ThemeModePref::Dark
+                };
+                let mut s = this.settings.clone();
+                s.theme = next;
+                this.save_settings(s, cx);
+                cx.notify();
+            }))
+    }
+
+    fn render_sidebar(&mut self, _window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let query = self.search.read(cx).value().to_lowercase();
+        let search = self.search.clone();
+
+        let total = self.connections.len();
+        let hover_bg = cx.theme().muted;
+        let mut rows = v_flex().gap_0p5().flex_1().overflow_y_scrollbar();
+        let mut shown = 0usize;
+        for conn in self.connections.clone() {
+            if !query.is_empty() && !conn.name.to_lowercase().contains(&query) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            shown += 1;
+            let status = self
+                .statuses
+                .get(&conn.id)
+                .copied()
+                .unwrap_or(ConnectionStatus::Disconnected);
+            let active = self.active_tab.as_deref() == Some(conn.id.as_str());
+            let cfg = conn.clone();
+            let name = conn.name.clone();
+            let address = conn.display_address();
+            let row_id = conn.id.clone();
+
+            rows = rows.child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .id(SharedString::from(format!("conn-row-{}", conn.id)))
+                    .w_full()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .mx_2()
+                    .my_0p5()
+                    .px_2()
+                    .py_2()
+                    .rounded_md()
+                    .when(active, |this| this.bg(cx.theme().secondary))
+                    .when(!active, |this| {
+                        this.hover(move |this| this.bg(hover_bg))
+                    })
+                    .cursor_pointer()
+                    .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, window, cx| {
+                        this.open_tab(&row_id, window, cx);
+                    }))
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .size(px(7.))
+                            .rounded_full()
+                            .bg(status_color(status, cx)),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        v_flex()
+                            .flex_1()
+                            .min_w(px(0.))
+                            .gap_0p5()
+                            .child(
+                                div()
+                                    .text_sm()
+                                    .when(active, |t| t.font_semibold())
+                                    .overflow_hidden()
+                                    .text_ellipsis()
+                                    .child(name),
+                            )
+                            .child(
+                                div()
+                                    .text_xs()
+                                    .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                                    .overflow_hidden()
+                                    .text_ellipsis()
+                                    .child(address),
+                            ),
+                    )
+                    .child(self.render_conn_power(&cfg, status, cx))
+                    .child(self.render_conn_menu(&conn.id, cx)),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let body = if self.connections.is_empty() {
+            v_flex()
+                .flex_1()
+                .items_center()
+                .justify_center()
+                .gap_2()
+                .p_4()
+                .child(
+                    gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(IconName::PlugZap)
+                        .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground),
+                )
+                .child(
+                    div()
+                        .text_xs()
+                        .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                        .child("还没有连接，点击上方 + 新建"),
+                )
+        } else if query.is_empty() {
+            v_flex().flex_1().child(rows)
+        } else if shown == 0 {
+            v_flex()
+                .flex_1()
+                .items_center()
+                .justify_center()
+                .p_4()
+                .child(
+                    div()
+                        .text_xs()
+                        .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                        .child("没有匹配的连接"),
+                )
+        } else {
+            v_flex().flex_1().child(rows)
+        };
+
+        v_flex()
+            .w(px(264.))
+            .h_full()
+            .flex_shrink_0()
+            .bg(cx.theme().sidebar)
+            .text_color(cx.theme().sidebar_foreground)
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .h_11()
+                    .px_3()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .justify_between()
+                    .child(
+                        h_flex()
+                            .gap_1p5()
+                            .items_center()
+                            .child(div().text_sm().font_semibold().child("连接"))
+                            .child(
+                                div()
+                                    .text_xs()
+                                    .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                                    .child(total.to_string()),
+                            ),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new("sidebar-add")
+                            .icon(IconName::Plus)
+                            .tooltip("新建连接")
+                            .ghost()
+                            .xsmall()
+                            .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| {
+                                this.open_connection_form(None, window, cx);
+                            })),
+                    ),
+            )
+            .child(v_flex().px_2().pb_2().child(Input::new(&search).small().prefix(
+                gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(IconName::Search).small(),
+            )))
+            .child(body)
+    }
+
+    fn render_conn_power(
+        &self,
+        cfg: &ConnectionConfig,
+        status: ConnectionStatus,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) -> Button {
+        let cfg = cfg.clone();
+        let connected = matches!(status, ConnectionStatus::Connected);
+        Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("conn-power-{}", cfg.id)))
+            .icon(if connected { IconName::Square } else { IconName::PlugZap })
+            .ghost()
+            .xsmall()
+            .tooltip(if connected { "断开" } else { "连接" })
+            .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, _, _| {
+                this.toggle_connection(&cfg);
+            }))
+    }
+
+    fn render_conn_menu(&self, conn_id: &str, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let weak = cx.entity().downgrade();
+        let eid = conn_id.to_string();
+        Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("conn-menu-{}", conn_id)))
+            .icon(IconName::Ellipsis)
+            .ghost()
+            .xsmall()
+            .dropdown_menu(move |menu, _, _| {
+                let (e1, e2, e3) = (eid.clone(), eid.clone(), eid.clone());
+                let (w1, w2, w3) = (weak.clone(), weak.clone(), weak.clone());
+                menu.item(PopupMenuItem::new("编辑").on_click(move |_, window, cx| {
+                    w1.update(cx, |app, cx| {
+                        let cfg = app.connections.iter().find(|c| c.id == e1).cloned();
+                        if let Some(cfg) = cfg {
+                            app.open_connection_form(Some(cfg), window, cx);
+                        }
+                    })
+                    .ok();
+                }))
+                .item(PopupMenuItem::new("复制连接").on_click(move |_, _, cx| {
+                    w2.update(cx, |app, cx| {
+                        app.duplicate_connection(&e2);
+                        cx.notify();
+                    })
+                    .ok();
+                }))
+                .separator()
+                .item(PopupMenuItem::new("删除").on_click(move |_, _, cx| {
+                    w3.update(cx, |app, cx| app.delete_connection(&e3, cx)).ok();
+                }))
+            })
+    }
+
+    fn render_main(&mut self, _window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        if self.open_tabs.is_empty() {
+            return v_flex()
+                .flex_1()
+                .items_center()
+                .justify_center()
+                .gap_3()
+                .child(crate::ui::logo::logo(
+                    px(72.),
+                    cx.theme().muted,
+                    cx.theme().muted_foreground,
+                ))
+                .child(div().text_base().font_medium().child("开始使用 MQTTX"))
+                .child(
+                    div()
+                        .text_sm()
+                        .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                        .text_center()
+                        .child("从左侧选择一个连接，或新建连接开始调试"),
+                )
+                .child(
+                    Button::new("empty-new")
+                        .icon(IconName::Plus)
+                        .label("新建连接")
+                        .outline()
+                        .small()
+                        .mt_1()
+                        .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| {
+                            this.open_connection_form(None, window, cx);
+                        })),
+                )
+                .into_any_element();
+        }
+
+        let active = self.active_tab.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+        let mut bar = TabBar::new("conn-tabs");
+        for id in self.open_tabs.clone() {
+            let name = self
+                .connections
+                .iter()
+                .find(|c| c.id == id)
+                .map(|c| c.name.clone())
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| id.clone());
+            let tab_id = id.clone();
+            let close_id = id.clone();
+            let is_active = id == active;
+            bar = bar.child(
+                Tab::new()
+                    .label(SharedString::from(name))
+                    .selected(is_active)
+                    .suffix(
+                        Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("tab-close-{}", id)))
+                            .icon(IconName::Close)
+                            .ghost()
+                            .xsmall()
+                            .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, _, cx| {
+                                this.close_tab(&close_id, cx);
+                            })),
+                    )
+                    .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, window, cx| {
+                        this.open_tab(&tab_id, window, cx);
+                    })),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let view = self.views.get(&active).cloned();
+        v_flex()
+            .flex_1()
+            .min_w(px(0.))
+            .child(div().flex_shrink_0().px_2().pt_1().child(bar))
+            .when_some(view, |this, v| this.child(v))
+            .into_any_element()
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/connection_form.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/connection_form.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64dd573
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/connection_form.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,583 @@
+//! 新建/编辑连接的表单对话框内容。
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use gpui_kit::component::scroll::ScrollableElement as _;
+use gpui_kit::component::input::{Input, InputState};
+use gpui_kit::component::select::{Select, SelectEvent, SelectState};
+use gpui_kit::component::switch::Switch;
+use gpui_kit::component::{
+    h_flex, notification::Notification, v_flex, ActiveTheme as _, Icon, Sizable as _,
+    StyledExt as _, WindowExt as _,
+};
+use gpui_kit::prelude::FluentBuilder as _;
+use crate::ui::IconName;
+use gpui_kit::{
+    div, percentage, px, App, AppContext as _, Context, Entity, InteractiveElement as _,
+    IntoElement, ParentElement as _, Render, SharedString, StatefulInteractiveElement as _,
+    Styled as _, Subscription, Window,
+};
+
+use crate::model::{ConnectionConfig, LastWill, ProtocolVersion, TransportKind};
+use crate::mqtt::MqttEngine;
+use crate::ui::widgets::{field, make_select, OptionDelegate};
+
+const PROTOCOLS: [&str; 2] = ["MQTT 5.0", "MQTT 3.1.1"];
+const TRANSPORTS: [&str; 4] = ["TCP", "TLS", "WebSocket", "WSS"];
+const QOS: [&str; 3] = ["QoS 0", "QoS 1", "QoS 2"];
+
+pub struct ConnectionForm {
+    engine: Arc<MqttEngine>,
+    editing_id: Option<String>,
+    created_at: i64,
+
+    name: Entity<InputState>,
+    host: Entity<InputState>,
+    port: Entity<InputState>,
+    path: Entity<InputState>,
+    client_id: Entity<InputState>,
+    username: Entity<InputState>,
+    password: Entity<InputState>,
+    keep_alive: Entity<InputState>,
+    session_expiry: Entity<InputState>,
+    receive_max: Entity<InputState>,
+    max_packet: Entity<InputState>,
+    topic_alias: Entity<InputState>,
+
+    will_topic: Entity<InputState>,
+    will_payload: Entity<InputState>,
+
+    protocol: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+    transport: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+    will_qos: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+
+    clean_start: bool,
+    auto_resubscribe: bool,
+    auto_reconnect: bool,
+    will_enabled: bool,
+    will_retain: bool,
+
+    // 按需显示：高级分组默认折叠
+    show_auth: bool,
+    show_mqtt5: bool,
+    show_will: bool,
+
+    testing: bool,
+    _subs: Vec<Subscription>,
+}
+
+impl ConnectionForm {
+    /// 对话框 footer 的测试按钮需要读取测试进行中的状态。
+    pub fn is_testing(&self) -> bool {
+        self.testing
+    }
+}
+
+fn input(
+    value: &str,
+    placeholder: &str,
+    window: &mut Window,
+    cx: &mut Context<ConnectionForm>,
+) -> Entity<InputState> {
+    cx.new(|cx| {
+        InputState::new(window, cx)
+            .placeholder(placeholder)
+            .default_value(value)
+    })
+}
+
+fn optional_input(
+    value: Option<u32>,
+    placeholder: &str,
+    window: &mut Window,
+    cx: &mut Context<ConnectionForm>,
+) -> Entity<InputState> {
+    cx.new(|cx| {
+        let s = InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder(placeholder);
+        match value {
+            Some(v) => s.default_value(v.to_string()),
+            None => s,
+        }
+    })
+}
+
+impl ConnectionForm {
+    pub fn new(
+        engine: Arc<MqttEngine>,
+        edit: Option<ConnectionConfig>,
+        window: &mut Window,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let c = edit.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+        let editing_id = edit.as_ref().map(|e| e.id.clone());
+        let created_at = edit.as_ref().map(|e| e.created_at).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            chrono::Local::now().timestamp()
+        });
+
+        let name = input(&c.name, "连接名称", window, cx);
+        let host = input(&c.host, "broker.example.com", window, cx);
+        let port = input(&c.port.to_string(), "端口", window, cx);
+        let path = input(&c.path, "/mqtt", window, cx);
+        let client_id = input(&c.client_id, "Client ID", window, cx);
+        let username = input(&c.username, "用户名（可选）", window, cx);
+        let password = cx.new(|cx| {
+            InputState::new(window, cx)
+                .placeholder("密码（可选）")
+                .default_value(&c.password)
+                .masked(true)
+        });
+        let keep_alive = input(&c.keep_alive.to_string(), "60", window, cx);
+        let session_expiry = input(
+            &if c.session_expiry_interval > 0 {
+                c.session_expiry_interval.to_string()
+            } else {
+                String::new()
+            },
+            "秒（0=会话随连接结束）",
+            window,
+            cx,
+        );
+        let receive_max = optional_input(c.receive_maximum.map(u32::from), "服务端接收上限", window, cx);
+        let max_packet = optional_input(c.maximum_packet_size, "最大报文长度", window, cx);
+        let topic_alias = optional_input(c.topic_alias_maximum.map(u32::from), "主题别名上限", window, cx);
+
+        let (will_topic, will_payload, will_enabled, will_retain, will_qos_idx) =
+            match &c.last_will {
+                Some(w) => (
+                    input(&w.topic, "遗嘱主题", window, cx),
+                    input(&w.payload, "遗嘱消息", window, cx),
+                    true,
+                    w.retain,
+                    w.qos as usize,
+                ),
+                None => (
+                    input("", "遗嘱主题", window, cx),
+                    input("", "遗嘱消息", window, cx),
+                    false,
+                    false,
+                    0,
+                ),
+            };
+
+        let protocol = make_select(
+            &PROTOCOLS,
+            if c.protocol.is_v5() { 0 } else { 1 },
+            window,
+            cx,
+        );
+        let transport_idx = TransportKind::ALL
+            .iter()
+            .position(|t| *t == c.transport)
+            .unwrap_or(0);
+        let transport = make_select(&TRANSPORTS, transport_idx, window, cx);
+        let will_qos = make_select(&QOS, will_qos_idx, window, cx);
+
+        // 切换传输方式时，把端口同步成该方式的默认端口，并刷新 WS 路径的按需显示。
+        let port_for_sub = port.clone();
+        let sub_transport = cx.subscribe_in(
+            &transport,
+            window,
+            move |_this, state, event, window, cx| {
+                if matches!(event, SelectEvent::Confirm(Some(_)))
+                    && let Some(idx) = state.read(cx).selected_value() {
+                        let kind = TransportKind::ALL[*idx];
+                        port_for_sub.update(cx, |p, cx| {
+                            p.set_value(kind.default_port().to_string(), window, cx);
+                        });
+                        cx.notify();
+                    }
+            },
+        );
+        // 切换协议时刷新 MQTT 5 属性分组的按需显示。
+        let sub_protocol = cx.subscribe_in(
+            &protocol,
+            window,
+            move |_this, _state, event, _window, cx| {
+                if matches!(event, SelectEvent::Confirm(Some(_))) {
+                    cx.notify();
+                }
+            },
+        );
+
+        Self {
+            engine,
+            editing_id,
+            created_at,
+            name,
+            host,
+            port,
+            path,
+            client_id,
+            username,
+            password,
+            keep_alive,
+            session_expiry,
+            receive_max,
+            max_packet,
+            topic_alias,
+            will_topic,
+            will_payload,
+            protocol,
+            transport,
+            will_qos,
+            clean_start: c.clean_start,
+            auto_resubscribe: c.auto_resubscribe,
+            auto_reconnect: c.auto_reconnect,
+            will_enabled,
+            will_retain,
+            show_auth: true,
+            show_mqtt5: false,
+            show_will: false,
+            testing: false,
+            _subs: vec![sub_transport, sub_protocol],
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn val(&self, e: &Entity<InputState>, cx: &App) -> String {
+        e.read(cx).value().to_string()
+    }
+
+    fn parse_u16(s: &str, label: &str) -> Result<u16, String> {
+        s.trim()
+            .parse::<u16>()
+            .map_err(|_| format!("{label} 需要是 0~65535 的整数"))
+    }
+
+    fn parse_opt_u32(s: &str, label: &str) -> Result<Option<u32>, String> {
+        let s = s.trim();
+        if s.is_empty() {
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+        s.parse::<u32>()
+            .map(Some)
+            .map_err(|_| format!("{label} 需要是非负整数"))
+    }
+
+    pub fn build(&self, cx: &App) -> Result<ConnectionConfig, String> {
+        self.build_inner(cx, false)
+    }
+
+    /// 测试连接专用的宽松构建：名称与 Client ID 不阻塞测试
+    ///（握手时会生成临时唯一 Client ID）。
+    fn build_for_test(&self, cx: &App) -> Result<ConnectionConfig, String> {
+        self.build_inner(cx, true)
+    }
+
+    fn build_inner(&self, cx: &App, for_test: bool) -> Result<ConnectionConfig, String> {
+        let mut name = self.val(&self.name, cx);
+        if name.trim().is_empty() {
+            if !for_test {
+                return Err("连接名称不能为空".into());
+            }
+            name = "测试连接".into();
+        }
+        let host = self.val(&self.host, cx);
+        if host.trim().is_empty() {
+            return Err("主机地址不能为空".into());
+        }
+        let port = Self::parse_u16(&self.val(&self.port, cx), "端口")?;
+        let mut client_id = self.val(&self.client_id, cx);
+        if client_id.trim().is_empty() {
+            if !for_test {
+                return Err("Client ID 不能为空".into());
+            }
+            client_id = format!("mqttx-test-{}", &uuid::Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string()[..8]);
+        }
+        let keep_alive = Self::parse_u16(&self.val(&self.keep_alive, cx), "Keep Alive")?;
+        let session_expiry = self
+            .val(&self.session_expiry, cx)
+            .trim()
+            .parse::<u32>()
+            .unwrap_or(0);
+        let receive_maximum = Self::parse_opt_u32(&self.val(&self.receive_max, cx), "接收上限")?
+            .map(|v| u16::try_from(v).map_err(|_| "接收上限不能超过 65535".to_string()))
+            .transpose()?;
+        let maximum_packet_size =
+            Self::parse_opt_u32(&self.val(&self.max_packet, cx), "最大报文长度")?;
+        let topic_alias_maximum = Self::parse_opt_u32(&self.val(&self.topic_alias, cx), "主题别名")?
+            .map(|v| u16::try_from(v).map_err(|_| "主题别名上限不能超过 65535".to_string()))
+            .transpose()?;
+
+        let protocol = match self.protocol.read(cx).selected_value() {
+            Some(1) => ProtocolVersion::V311,
+            _ => ProtocolVersion::V5,
+        };
+        let transport = self
+            .transport
+            .read(cx)
+            .selected_value()
+            .and_then(|i| TransportKind::ALL.get(*i).copied())
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let last_will = if self.will_enabled {
+            let topic = self.val(&self.will_topic, cx);
+            if topic.trim().is_empty() {
+                return Err("遗嘱主题不能为空".into());
+            }
+            Some(LastWill {
+                topic,
+                payload: self.val(&self.will_payload, cx),
+                qos: self.will_qos.read(cx).selected_value().copied().unwrap_or(0) as u8,
+                retain: self.will_retain,
+                content_type: None,
+                response_topic: None,
+            })
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        let id = self.editing_id.clone().unwrap_or_else(|| uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string());
+        Ok(ConnectionConfig {
+            id,
+            name,
+            host,
+            port,
+            path: self.val(&self.path, cx),
+            protocol,
+            transport,
+            client_id,
+            username: self.val(&self.username, cx),
+            password: self.val(&self.password, cx),
+            clean_start: self.clean_start,
+            keep_alive,
+            session_expiry_interval: session_expiry,
+            receive_maximum,
+            maximum_packet_size,
+            topic_alias_maximum,
+            auto_resubscribe: self.auto_resubscribe,
+            auto_reconnect: self.auto_reconnect,
+            last_will,
+            created_at: self.created_at,
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub fn run_test(&mut self, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        let mut cfg = match self.build_for_test(cx) {
+            Ok(c) => c,
+            Err(e) => {
+                window.push_notification(Notification::error(e), cx);
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+        // 测试连接用临时 id，不影响已有连接
+        cfg.id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
+        let rx = self.engine.test_connection(cfg);
+        self.testing = true;
+        cx.notify();
+
+        cx.spawn_in(window, async move |this, cx| {
+            let result = rx.recv().await.unwrap_or(Err("测试任务丢失".into()));
+            this.update_in(cx, |form, window, cx| {
+                form.testing = false;
+                match result {
+                    Ok(()) => window.push_notification(
+                        Notification::success("连接测试成功"),
+                        cx,
+                    ),
+                    Err(e) => window.push_notification(Notification::error(format!(
+                        "连接测试失败: {e}"
+                    )), cx),
+                }
+                cx.notify();
+            })
+            .ok();
+        })
+        .detach();
+    }
+
+    fn switch_row(
+        &self,
+        id: &'static str,
+        label: &'static str,
+        checked: bool,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) -> impl IntoElement {
+        h_flex()
+            .justify_between()
+            .child(div().text_sm().child(label))
+            .child(
+                Switch::new(id)
+                    .checked(checked)
+                    .on_change(cx.listener(move |this, v, _, cx| {
+                        let v = *v;
+                        match id {
+                            "clean_start" => this.clean_start = v,
+                            "auto_resubscribe" => this.auto_resubscribe = v,
+                            "auto_reconnect" => this.auto_reconnect = v,
+                            "will_enabled" => this.will_enabled = v,
+                            "will_retain" => this.will_retain = v,
+                            _ => {}
+                        }
+                        cx.notify();
+                    })),
+            )
+    }
+
+    /// 可折叠分组：点击标题行切换展开/收起，收起时不渲染内容。
+    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+    fn collapsible_section(
+        &self,
+        id: &'static str,
+        title: &'static str,
+        hint: Option<SharedString>,
+        hint_accent: bool,
+        open: bool,
+        toggle: fn(&mut Self),
+        border: gpui_kit::Hsla,
+        bg: gpui_kit::Hsla,
+        body: impl IntoElement,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let title: SharedString = title.into();
+        v_flex().gap_2().child(
+            v_flex()
+                .child(
+                    h_flex()
+                        .id(id)
+                        .justify_between()
+                        .rounded_md()
+                        .px_1()
+                        .py_1()
+                        .cursor_pointer()
+                        .hover(|s| s.bg(cx.theme().secondary_hover))
+                        .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, _, cx| {
+                            toggle(this);
+                            cx.notify();
+                        }))
+                        .child(
+                            h_flex()
+                                .gap_1p5()
+                                .items_center()
+                                .child(div().text_sm().font_semibold().child(title))
+                                .children(hint.map(|h| {
+                                    let color = if hint_accent {
+                                        cx.theme().accent
+                                    } else {
+                                        cx.theme().muted_foreground
+                                    };
+                                    div().text_xs().text_color(color).child(h)
+                                })),
+                        )
+                        .child(
+                            Icon::new(IconName::ChevronDown)
+                                .xsmall()
+                                .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                                .rotate(percentage(if open { 0.5 } else { 0. })),
+                        ),
+                )
+                .when(open, |w| {
+                    w.child(
+                        div()
+                            .rounded_lg()
+                            .border_1()
+                            .border_color(border)
+                            .bg(bg)
+                            .p_3()
+                            .child(body),
+                    )
+                }),
+        )
+    }
+}
+
+impl Render for ConnectionForm {
+    fn render(&mut self, _window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let border = cx.theme().border;
+        let card_bg = cx.theme().secondary;
+        // 协议/传输决定高级分组的按需显示
+        let is_v5 = self.protocol.read(cx).selected_value() != Some(&1);
+        let is_ws = matches!(
+            self.transport.read(cx).selected_value(),
+            Some(2) | Some(3)
+        );
+        v_flex()
+            .gap_3()
+            .max_h(px(560.))
+            .overflow_y_scrollbar()
+            .pr_1()
+            // ── 基本信息（始终展开） ──
+            .child(section("基本信息", border, card_bg,
+                v_flex().gap_2().child(
+                    h_flex().gap_2().w_full()
+                        .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("名称", Input::new(&self.name))))
+                        .child(div().w(px(120.)).child(field("端口", Input::new(&self.port))))
+                )
+                .child(h_flex().gap_2().w_full()
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("主机", Input::new(&self.host))))
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("协议", Select::new(&self.protocol))))
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("传输", Select::new(&self.transport))))
+                )
+                .child(h_flex().gap_2().w_full()
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("Client ID", Input::new(&self.client_id))))
+                    // WS 路径仅对 WebSocket/WSS 有意义，按需显示
+                    .when(is_ws, |w| w.child(
+                        div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("WS 路径", Input::new(&self.path)))
+                    ))
+                )
+            ))
+            // ── 认证与心跳 ──
+            .child(self.collapsible_section(
+                "sec-auth", "认证与心跳", None, false, self.show_auth,
+                |f| f.show_auth = !f.show_auth, border, card_bg,
+                v_flex().gap_2()
+                    .child(h_flex().gap_2().w_full()
+                        .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("用户名", Input::new(&self.username))))
+                        .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("密码", Input::new(&self.password).mask_toggle())))
+                        .child(div().w(px(110.)).child(field("Keep Alive (秒)", Input::new(&self.keep_alive))))
+                    )
+                    .child(self.switch_row("clean_start", "Clean Start / Clean Session", self.clean_start, cx))
+                    .child(self.switch_row("auto_reconnect", "断线自动重连", self.auto_reconnect, cx))
+                    .child(self.switch_row("auto_resubscribe", "连接后自动恢复订阅", self.auto_resubscribe, cx)),
+                cx,
+            ))
+            // ── MQTT 5 高级属性（仅 v5 协议显示） ──
+            .when(is_v5, |w| w.child(self.collapsible_section(
+                "sec-mqtt5", "MQTT 5 属性", None, false, self.show_mqtt5,
+                |f| f.show_mqtt5 = !f.show_mqtt5, border, card_bg,
+                h_flex().gap_2().w_full()
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("会话过期间隔(秒)", Input::new(&self.session_expiry))))
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("接收最大值", Input::new(&self.receive_max))))
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("最大报文长度", Input::new(&self.max_packet))))
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("主题别名上限", Input::new(&self.topic_alias)))),
+                cx,
+            )))
+            // ── 遗嘱 ──
+            .child(self.collapsible_section(
+                "sec-will", "遗嘱消息 (Last Will)",
+                self.will_enabled.then(|| "已启用".into()), true, self.show_will,
+                |f| f.show_will = !f.show_will, border, card_bg,
+                v_flex().gap_2()
+                    .child(self.switch_row("will_enabled", "启用遗嘱消息", self.will_enabled, cx))
+                    .when(self.will_enabled, |w| w
+                        .child(h_flex().gap_2()
+                            .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(field("遗嘱主题", Input::new(&self.will_topic))))
+                            .child(div().w(px(130.)).child(field("QoS", Select::new(&self.will_qos))))
+                        )
+                        .child(field("遗嘱内容", Input::new(&self.will_payload)))
+                        .child(self.switch_row("will_retain", "Retain", self.will_retain, cx))
+                    ),
+                cx,
+            ))
+    }
+}
+
+fn section(
+    title: impl Into<gpui_kit::SharedString>,
+    border: gpui_kit::Hsla,
+    bg: gpui_kit::Hsla,
+    body: impl IntoElement,
+) -> impl IntoElement {
+    let title: gpui_kit::SharedString = title.into();
+    v_flex()
+        .gap_2()
+        .child(div().text_sm().font_semibold().child(title))
+        .child(
+            div()
+                .rounded_lg()
+                .border_1()
+                .border_color(border)
+                .bg(bg)
+                .p_3()
+                .child(body),
+        )
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/connection_view.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/connection_view.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fb68896
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/connection_view.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1130 @@
+//! 单个连接的工作区：订阅列表 + 消息流 + 发布面板 + 日志。
+
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+use gpui_kit::component::button::{Button, ButtonVariants as _};
+use gpui_kit::component::scroll::ScrollableElement as _;
+use gpui_kit::component::input::{Input, InputState, Textarea, TextareaState};
+use gpui_kit::component::menu::{DropdownMenu as _, PopupMenuItem};
+use gpui_kit::component::select::{Select, SelectState};
+use gpui_kit::component::switch::Switch;
+use gpui_kit::component::tab::{Tab, TabBar};
+use gpui_kit::component::{
+    h_flex, notification::Notification, v_flex, ActiveTheme as _, Selectable as _, Sizable as _,
+    StyledExt as _, WindowExt as _,
+};
+use gpui_kit::prelude::FluentBuilder as _;
+use crate::ui::IconName;
+use gpui_kit::{
+    div, px, App, AppContext as _, Context, Entity, InteractiveElement as _, StatefulInteractiveElement as _,
+    IntoElement, ParentElement as _, Render, SharedString, Styled as _, Window,
+};
+use gpui_kit::component::IndexPath;
+
+use crate::model::{
+    render_template, ConnectionConfig, ConnectionStatus, Direction, LogLevel, MqttRecord,
+    PayloadFormat, PublishParams,
+};
+use crate::mqtt::MqttEngine;
+use crate::ui::app::MqttXApp;
+use crate::ui::widgets::{field, format_time, make_select, KvEditor, OptionDelegate};
+
+const QOS: [&str; 3] = ["QoS 0", "QoS 1", "QoS 2"];
+const PAYLOAD_FORMATS: [&str; 4] = ["Plaintext", "JSON", "Base64", "Hex"];
+const MAX_RENDERED_MESSAGES: usize = 300;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+enum Panel {
+    Messages,
+    Logs,
+}
+
+pub struct ConnectionView {
+    conn_id: String,
+    app: gpui_kit::WeakEntity<MqttXApp>,
+    engine: Arc<MqttEngine>,
+
+    // 订阅
+    sub_topic: Entity<InputState>,
+    sub_qos: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+
+    // 发布
+    pub_topic: Entity<InputState>,
+    payload: Entity<TextareaState>,
+    pub_qos: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+    payload_format: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+    retain: bool,
+    content_type: Entity<InputState>,
+    user_props: Entity<KvEditor>,
+    show_props: bool,
+
+    // 过滤与面板
+    filter: Entity<InputState>,
+    panel: Panel,
+    expanded: Option<u64>,
+
+    // 预设
+    preset_name: Entity<InputState>,
+}
+
+impl ConnectionView {
+    pub fn new(
+        conn_id: String,
+        app: gpui_kit::WeakEntity<MqttXApp>,
+        engine: std::sync::Arc<MqttEngine>,
+        window: &mut Window,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) -> Self {
+
+        let sub_topic = cx.new(|cx| {
+            InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("订阅主题，支持通配符 # +")
+        });
+        let sub_qos = make_select(&QOS, 0, window, cx);
+        let pub_topic = cx.new(|cx| InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("发布主题"));
+        let payload = cx.new(|cx| {
+            TextareaState::new(window, cx)
+                .placeholder("输入消息负载，支持 {{变量名}} 与 {{$ts}} {{$uuid}}")
+        });
+        let pub_qos = make_select(&QOS, 0, window, cx);
+        let payload_format = make_select(&PAYLOAD_FORMATS, 0, window, cx);
+        let content_type = cx.new(|cx| InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("Content-Type（可选）"));
+        let filter = cx.new(|cx| InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("过滤主题或内容…"));
+        let user_props = cx.new(|cx| KvEditor::new("pub", &[], window, cx));
+        let preset_name =
+            cx.new(|cx| InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("预设名称，如 温度上报"));
+
+        Self {
+            conn_id,
+            app,
+            engine,
+            sub_topic,
+            sub_qos,
+            pub_topic,
+            payload,
+            pub_qos,
+            payload_format,
+            retain: false,
+            content_type,
+            user_props,
+            show_props: false,
+            filter,
+            panel: Panel::Messages,
+            expanded: None,
+            preset_name,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn with_app<R>(&self, cx: &App, f: impl FnOnce(&MqttXApp) -> R) -> Option<R> {
+        self.app.upgrade().map(|a| f(a.read(cx)))
+    }
+
+    fn config(&self, cx: &App) -> Option<ConnectionConfig> {
+        let id = self.conn_id.clone();
+        self.with_app(cx, |app| {
+            app.connections.iter().find(|c| c.id == id).cloned()
+        })
+        .flatten()
+    }
+
+    fn do_subscribe(&mut self, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        let topic = self.sub_topic.read(cx).value().to_string();
+        if topic.trim().is_empty() {
+            window.push_notification(Notification::warning("订阅主题不能为空"), cx);
+            return;
+        }
+        let qos = self.sub_qos.read(cx).selected_value().copied().unwrap_or(0) as u8;
+        let sub = crate::model::Subscription::new(self.conn_id.clone(), topic, qos);
+        self.engine.subscribe(self.conn_id.clone(), sub);
+        self.sub_topic.update(cx, |s, cx| s.set_value("", window, cx));
+    }
+
+    fn do_publish(&mut self, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        let topic = self.pub_topic.read(cx).value().to_string();
+        if topic.trim().is_empty() {
+            window.push_notification(Notification::warning("发布主题不能为空"), cx);
+            return;
+        }
+        let raw_payload = self.payload.read(cx).value().to_string();
+
+        let vars = self.with_app(cx, |app| app.variables.clone()).unwrap_or_default();
+        let topic = render_template(&topic, &vars);
+        let rendered = render_template(&raw_payload, &vars);
+
+        let format = PayloadFormat::ALL[
+            self.payload_format.read(cx).selected_value().copied().unwrap_or(0)
+        ];
+        if let PayloadFormat::Json = format
+            && let Err(e) = serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&rendered) {
+                window.push_notification(
+                    Notification::warning(format!("JSON 格式无效: {e}")),
+                    cx,
+                );
+                return;
+            }
+        let encoded = match format.encode(&rendered) {
+            Ok(bytes) => bytes,
+            Err(e) => {
+                window.push_notification(Notification::warning(e), cx);
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+
+        let is_v5 = self.config(cx).map(|c| c.protocol.is_v5()).unwrap_or(true);
+        let mut params = PublishParams {
+            topic,
+            payload: rendered,
+            payload_format: format,
+            qos: self.pub_qos.read(cx).selected_value().copied().unwrap_or(0) as u8,
+            retain: self.retain,
+            raw_bytes: Some(encoded),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        if is_v5 {
+            let ct = self.content_type.read(cx).value().to_string();
+            params.content_type = (!ct.is_empty()).then_some(ct);
+            params.user_properties = self.user_props.read(cx).pairs(cx);
+        }
+        self.engine.publish(self.conn_id.clone(), params);
+    }
+
+    /// 读取当前发布面板上的参数（模板渲染前的原始值）。
+    fn collect_publish_params(&self, cx: &App) -> PublishParams {
+        let qos = self.pub_qos.read(cx).selected_value().copied().unwrap_or(0) as u8;
+        let format = PayloadFormat::ALL
+            [self.payload_format.read(cx).selected_value().copied().unwrap_or(0)];
+        PublishParams {
+            topic: self.pub_topic.read(cx).value().to_string(),
+            payload: self.payload.read(cx).value().to_string(),
+            payload_format: format,
+            qos,
+            retain: self.retain,
+            content_type: {
+                let ct = self.content_type.read(cx).value().to_string();
+                (!ct.is_empty()).then_some(ct)
+            },
+            ..Default::default()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// 把预设应用到发布面板控件。
+    fn apply_publish_preset(
+        &mut self,
+        params: &PublishParams,
+        window: &mut Window,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) {
+        self.pub_topic
+            .update(cx, |s, cx| s.set_value(params.topic.clone(), window, cx));
+        self.payload
+            .update(cx, |s, cx| s.set_value(params.payload.clone(), window, cx));
+        // 预设未指定 Content-Type 时清空旧值，避免上一次输入残留
+        let ct = params.content_type.clone().unwrap_or_default();
+        self.content_type
+            .update(cx, |s, cx| s.set_value(ct, window, cx));
+        let qos_idx = params.qos.min(2) as usize;
+        self.pub_qos.update(cx, |s, cx| {
+            s.set_selected_index(Some(IndexPath::new(qos_idx)), window, cx)
+        });
+        let fmt_idx = PayloadFormat::ALL
+            .iter()
+            .position(|f| *f == params.payload_format)
+            .unwrap_or(0);
+        self.payload_format.update(cx, |s, cx| {
+            s.set_selected_index(Some(IndexPath::new(fmt_idx)), window, cx)
+        });
+        self.retain = params.retain;
+        cx.notify();
+    }
+
+    // ── 渲染 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    fn render_top_bar(&self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let id = self.conn_id.clone();
+        let (name, status, is_v5) = self
+            .with_app(cx, |app| {
+                let cfg = app.connections.iter().find(|c| c.id == id);
+                (
+                    cfg.map(|c| c.name.clone()).unwrap_or_else(|| id.clone()),
+                    app.statuses.get(&id).copied().unwrap_or(ConnectionStatus::Disconnected),
+                    cfg.map(|c| c.protocol.is_v5()).unwrap_or(true),
+                )
+            })
+            .unwrap_or((id.clone(), ConnectionStatus::Disconnected, true));
+        let connected = matches!(status, ConnectionStatus::Connected);
+        let _ = is_v5;
+
+        let status_text = status.label();
+        let status_tone = match status {
+            ConnectionStatus::Connected => cx.theme().success,
+            ConnectionStatus::Connecting => cx.theme().warning,
+            ConnectionStatus::Error => cx.theme().danger,
+            ConnectionStatus::Disconnected => cx.theme().muted_foreground,
+        };
+
+        h_flex()
+            .w_full()
+            .items_center()
+            .gap_2()
+            .px_3()
+            .h_12()
+            .border_b_1()
+            .border_color(cx.theme().border)
+            .child(div().size(px(8.)).rounded_full().bg(status_tone))
+            .child(div().text_sm().font_semibold().child(name))
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .gap_1()
+                    .px_1p5()
+                    .py_0p5()
+                    .rounded_md()
+                    .bg(status_tone.alpha(0.12))
+                    .child(div().size(px(5.)).rounded_full().bg(status_tone))
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(status_tone)
+                            .child(status_text),
+                    ),
+            )
+            .child(div().flex_1())
+            .child(
+                Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("conn-toggle-{}", self.conn_id)))
+                    .icon(if connected {
+                        IconName::Square
+                    } else {
+                        IconName::PlugZap
+                    })
+                    .label(if connected { "断开" } else { "连接" })
+                    .when(connected, |b| b.danger().ghost())
+                    .when(!connected, |b| b.primary().ghost())
+                    .small()
+                    .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, _window, cx| {
+                        let cfg = this.config(cx);
+                        if let Some(cfg) = cfg {
+                            if this.engine.is_connected(&cfg.id) {
+                                this.engine.close(&cfg.id, true);
+                            } else {
+                                this.engine.connect(cfg);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    })),
+            )
+    }
+
+    fn render_subscribe_bar(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let sub_topic = self.sub_topic.clone();
+        let sub_qos = self.sub_qos.clone();
+        h_flex()
+            .gap_2()
+            .px_3()
+            .h_12()
+            .items_center()
+            .border_b_1()
+            .border_color(cx.theme().border)
+            .bg(cx.theme().secondary)
+            .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(Input::new(&sub_topic).small()))
+            .child(div().w(px(96.)).child(Select::new(&sub_qos).small()))
+            .child(
+                Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("subscribe-{}", self.conn_id)))
+                    .icon(IconName::Plus)
+                    .label("订阅")
+                    .primary()
+                    .small()
+                    .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| this.do_subscribe(window, cx))),
+            )
+    }
+
+    fn render_subscriptions(&self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let hover_bg = cx.theme().muted;
+        let conn = self.conn_id.clone();
+        let subs: Vec<_> = self
+            .with_app(cx, |app| {
+                app.subscriptions
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|s| s.connection_id == conn)
+                    .cloned()
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let mut list = v_flex().gap_0p5();
+        if subs.is_empty() {
+            list = list.child(
+                v_flex()
+                    .p_3()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .child(
+                        gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(IconName::Hash)
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                            .text_center()
+                            .child("订阅主题后，消息会显示在右侧"),
+                    ),
+            );
+        }
+        for sub in subs {
+            let topic = sub.topic.clone();
+            let topic_for_click = topic.clone();
+            let cid = self.conn_id.clone();
+            list = list.child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .id(SharedString::from(format!("sub-{}-{}", self.conn_id, sub.id)))
+                    .gap_1p5()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .px_2()
+                    .py_1p5()
+                    .rounded_md()
+                    .hover(move |this| this.bg(hover_bg))
+                    .child(
+                        gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(IconName::Hash)
+                            .xsmall()
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .flex_1()
+                            .min_w(px(0.))
+                            .text_sm()
+                            .overflow_hidden()
+                            .text_ellipsis()
+                            .child(topic),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .px_1()
+                            .rounded_sm()
+                            .bg(cx.theme().muted)
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                            .child(format!("Q{}", sub.qos)),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("sub-del-{}", sub.id)))
+                            .icon(IconName::Close)
+                            .ghost()
+                            .xsmall()
+                            .tooltip("取消订阅")
+                            .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, _, cx| {
+                                if let Some(app) = this.app.upgrade() {
+                                    app.update(cx, |app, cx| {
+                                        app.remove_subscription(&cid, &topic_for_click);
+                                        cx.notify();
+                                    });
+                                }
+                            })),
+                    ),
+            );
+        }
+
+        v_flex()
+            .w(px(220.))
+            .flex_shrink_0()
+            .h_full()
+            .bg(cx.theme().sidebar)
+            .text_color(cx.theme().sidebar_foreground)
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .h_11()
+                    .px_3()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .child(div().text_sm().font_semibold().child("订阅")),
+            )
+            .child(div().flex_1().overflow_y_scrollbar().px_2().child(list))
+    }
+
+    fn render_message_row(&self, record: &MqttRecord, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let seq = record.seq;
+        let expanded = self.expanded == Some(seq);
+        let received = matches!(record.direction, Direction::Received);
+        let accent = if received {
+            cx.theme().primary
+        } else {
+            cx.theme().success
+        };
+        let hover_bg = cx.theme().muted;
+        let border = cx.theme().border;
+        let muted = cx.theme().muted_foreground;
+        let mono = cx.theme().mono_font_family.clone();
+        let direction_label = if received { "接收" } else { "发送" };
+
+        let mut row = v_flex()
+            .id(SharedString::from(format!(
+                "msg-{}-{}",
+                record.connection_id, record.seq
+            )))
+            .w_full()
+            .px_3()
+            .py_2()
+            .border_b_1()
+            .border_color(border)
+            .hover(move |this| this.bg(hover_bg))
+            .cursor_pointer()
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .size(px(18.))
+                            .flex()
+                            .items_center()
+                            .justify_center()
+                            .rounded_full()
+                            .bg(accent.alpha(0.14))
+                            .child(
+                                gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(if received {
+                                    IconName::ArrowDown
+                                } else {
+                                    IconName::ArrowUp
+                                })
+                                .size_3()
+                                .text_color(accent),
+                            ),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .flex_1()
+                            .min_w(px(0.))
+                            .text_sm()
+                            .font_medium()
+                            .overflow_hidden()
+                            .text_ellipsis()
+                            .font_family(mono.clone())
+                            .child(record.topic.clone()),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(muted)
+                            .font_family(mono.clone())
+                            .child(direction_label),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .px_1()
+                            .rounded_sm()
+                            .bg(cx.theme().muted)
+                            .text_color(muted)
+                            .font_family(mono.clone())
+                            .child(format!("Q{}", record.qos)),
+                    )
+                    .when(record.retain, |t| {
+                        t.child(
+                            div()
+                                .text_xs()
+                                .px_1()
+                                .rounded_sm()
+                                .bg(cx.theme().warning.alpha(0.15))
+                                .text_color(cx.theme().warning)
+                                .child("retain"),
+                        )
+                    })
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(muted)
+                            .font_family(mono.clone())
+                            .child(format_time(record.timestamp, true)),
+                    ),
+            )
+            .child(
+                div()
+                    .text_sm()
+                    .text_color(cx.theme().foreground)
+                    .pt_0p5()
+                    .font_family(mono.clone())
+                    .child(preview_payload(&record.payload, expanded)),
+            );
+
+        if expanded {
+            let mut details = v_flex().gap_1p5().pt_1();
+            if let Ok(v) = serde_json::from_str::<serde_json::Value>(&record.payload) {
+                details = details.child(
+                    div()
+                        .font_family(mono.clone())
+                        .text_xs()
+                        .p_2()
+                        .rounded_md()
+                        .bg(cx.theme().background)
+                        .border_1()
+                        .border_color(border)
+                        .child(serde_json::to_string_pretty(&v).unwrap_or_default()),
+                );
+            }
+            if !record.user_properties.is_empty() {
+                let props: String = record
+                    .user_properties
+                    .iter()
+                    .map(|(k, v)| format!("{k} = {v}"))
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    .join("\n");
+                details = details
+                    .child(div().text_xs().font_semibold().child("用户属性"))
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .font_family(mono.clone())
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .child(props),
+                    );
+            }
+            for (label, value) in [
+                ("Content-Type", record.content_type.clone()),
+                ("Response Topic", record.response_topic.clone()),
+                ("Correlation Data", record.correlation_data.clone()),
+            ] {
+                if let Some(v) = value {
+                    details = details.child(
+                        h_flex()
+                            .gap_1()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .child(div().text_color(muted).child(format!("{label}:")))
+                            .child(div().font_family(mono.clone()).child(v)),
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+            row = row.child(
+                div()
+                    .mt_1()
+                    .p_2()
+                    .rounded_lg()
+                    .bg(cx.theme().muted)
+                    .child(details),
+            );
+        }
+        row.on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, _, cx| {
+            this.expanded = if this.expanded == Some(seq) {
+                None
+            } else {
+                Some(seq)
+            };
+            cx.notify();
+        }))
+    }
+
+    fn render_messages(&self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let query = self.filter.read(cx).value().to_lowercase();
+        let conn = self.conn_id.clone();
+        let records: Vec<MqttRecord> = self
+            .with_app(cx, |app| {
+                app.messages
+                    .get(&conn)
+                    .map(|m| {
+                        m.iter()
+                            .rev()
+                            .take(MAX_RENDERED_MESSAGES)
+                            .filter(|r| {
+                                query.is_empty()
+                                    || r.topic.to_lowercase().contains(&query)
+                                    || r.payload.to_lowercase().contains(&query)
+                            })
+                            .cloned()
+                            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                    })
+                    .unwrap_or_default()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let mut body = v_flex().flex_1().overflow_y_scrollbar();
+        if records.is_empty() {
+            body = body.child(
+                v_flex()
+                    .h_full()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .justify_center()
+                    .gap_3()
+                    .p_4()
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .size(px(56.))
+                            .flex()
+                            .items_center()
+                            .justify_center()
+                            .rounded_full()
+                            .bg(cx.theme().muted)
+                            .child(
+                                gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(IconName::MailOpen)
+                                    .size_6()
+                                    .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground),
+                            ),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_sm()
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                            .child(if query.is_empty() {
+                                "暂无消息，订阅主题后消息会显示在这里"
+                            } else {
+                                "没有匹配的消息"
+                            }),
+                    ),
+            );
+        } else {
+            // 最新消息在最上方（与 MQTTX 一致，避免长列表需要手动滚底）
+            for r in &records {
+                body = body.child(self.render_message_row(r, cx));
+            }
+        }
+
+        v_flex()
+            .flex_1()
+            .min_w(px(0.))
+            .h_full()
+            .bg(cx.theme().background)
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .h_11()
+                    .px_3()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .border_b_1()
+                    .border_color(cx.theme().border)
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .flex_1()
+                            .min_w(px(0.))
+                            .child(Input::new(&self.filter).small().prefix(
+                                gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(IconName::Search).small(),
+                            )),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .px_1p5()
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                            .child(format!("{} 条", records.len())),
+                    ),
+            )
+            .child(body)
+    }
+
+    fn render_logs(&self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let muted = cx.theme().muted_foreground;
+        let conn = self.conn_id.clone();
+        let logs: Vec<_> = self
+            .with_app(cx, |app| {
+                app.logs
+                    .iter()
+                    .rev()
+                    .filter(|l| l.connection_id == conn)
+                    .take(2000)
+                    .cloned()
+                    .collect()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let mut body = v_flex().flex_1().overflow_y_scrollbar().p_2().gap_0p5();
+        if logs.is_empty() {
+            body = body.child(
+                v_flex()
+                    .p_4()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .child(
+                        gpui_kit::component::Icon::new(IconName::ScrollText)
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(cx.theme().muted_foreground)
+                            .child("暂无日志"),
+                    ),
+            );
+        }
+        let log_hover = cx.theme().muted;
+        for l in logs {
+            let color = match l.level {
+                LogLevel::Error => cx.theme().danger,
+                LogLevel::Warn => cx.theme().warning,
+                LogLevel::Debug => cx.theme().muted_foreground,
+                LogLevel::Info => cx.theme().foreground,
+            };
+            body = body.child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .px_2()
+                    .py_1()
+                    .rounded_md()
+                    .hover(move |this| this.bg(log_hover))
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(muted)
+                            .font_family(cx.theme().mono_font_family.clone())
+                            .child(format_time(l.timestamp, true)),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .w_10()
+                            .text_color(color)
+                            .child(l.level.label()),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .flex_1()
+                            .min_w(px(0.))
+                            .font_family(cx.theme().mono_font_family.clone())
+                            .child(format!("[{}] {}", l.event, l.message)),
+                    ),
+            );
+        }
+        v_flex()
+            .flex_1()
+            .min_w(px(0.))
+            .h_full()
+            .bg(cx.theme().background)
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .h_11()
+                    .px_3()
+                    .items_center()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .border_b_1()
+                    .border_color(cx.theme().border)
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .text_xs()
+                            .text_color(muted)
+                            .font_family(cx.theme().mono_font_family.clone())
+                            .child("连接日志"),
+                    ),
+            )
+            .child(body)
+    }
+
+    fn render_publish_bar(&mut self, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let pub_topic = self.pub_topic.clone();
+        let payload = self.payload.clone();
+        let pub_qos = self.pub_qos.clone();
+        let payload_format = self.payload_format.clone();
+        let content_type = self.content_type.clone();
+        let user_props = self.user_props.clone();
+        let retain = self.retain;
+        let show_props = self.show_props;
+        let is_v5 = self
+            .config(cx)
+            .map(|c| c.protocol.is_v5())
+            .unwrap_or(true);
+
+        // 发布预设
+        let presets = self.with_app(cx, |app| app.presets.clone()).unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let mut card = v_flex()
+            .w_full()
+            .border_t_1()
+            .border_color(cx.theme().border)
+            .bg(cx.theme().secondary)
+            .px_3()
+            .py_2()
+            .gap_2();
+
+        card = card.child(
+            h_flex()
+                .gap_2()
+                .items_center()
+                .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(Input::new(&pub_topic).small()))
+                .child(div().w(px(92.)).child(Select::new(&pub_qos).small()))
+                .child(div().w(px(124.)).child(Select::new(&payload_format).small()))
+                .child(self.render_preset_menu(presets, cx))
+                .child(
+                    h_flex()
+                        .gap_1()
+                        .items_center()
+                        .child(Switch::new("retain").checked(retain).on_change(
+                            cx.listener(|this, v, _, cx| {
+                                this.retain = *v;
+                                cx.notify();
+                            }),
+                        ))
+                        .child(div().text_xs().child("Retain")),
+                )
+                .when(is_v5, |h| {
+                    h.child(
+                        Button::new("toggle-props")
+                            .icon(IconName::SlidersHorizontal)
+                            .ghost()
+                            .small()
+                            .when(show_props, |b| b.selected(true))
+                            .tooltip("MQTT 5 属性")
+                            .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, _, cx| {
+                                this.show_props = !this.show_props;
+                                cx.notify();
+                            })),
+                    )
+                })
+                .child(
+                    Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("publish-{}", self.conn_id)))
+                        .icon(IconName::SendHorizontal)
+                        .label("发送")
+                        .primary()
+                        .small()
+                        .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| this.do_publish(window, cx))),
+                ),
+        );
+
+        card = card.child(
+            div()
+                .h(px(110.))
+                .rounded_md()
+                .border_1()
+                .border_color(cx.theme().border)
+                .bg(cx.theme().background)
+                .p_1()
+                .child(Textarea::new(&payload)),
+        );
+
+        if show_props && is_v5 {
+            card = card.child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .w_full()
+                    .child(
+                        div()
+                            .w(px(240.))
+                            .child(field("Content-Type", Input::new(&content_type).small())),
+                    )
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(user_props.clone())),
+            );
+        }
+        card
+    }
+
+    /// 发布预设下拉：应用已有预设、保存当前、删除预设。
+    fn render_preset_menu(
+        &self,
+        presets: Vec<crate::model::PublishPreset>,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let weak_view = cx.weak_entity();
+        let preset_name = self.preset_name.clone();
+        let has = !presets.is_empty();
+        Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("preset-menu-{}", self.conn_id)))
+            .icon(IconName::Bookmark)
+            .ghost()
+            .small()
+            .tooltip("消息预设")
+            .dropdown_menu(move |mut menu, window, cx| {
+                // 应用预设
+                for p in &presets {
+                    let weak = weak_view.clone();
+                    let params = p.params.clone();
+                    menu = menu.item(
+                        PopupMenuItem::new(SharedString::from(p.name.clone())).on_click(
+                            move |_ev, window, cx| {
+                                if let Some(view) = weak.upgrade() {
+                                    view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
+                                        view.apply_publish_preset(&params, window, cx);
+                                    });
+                                }
+                            },
+                        ),
+                    );
+                }
+                if has {
+                    menu = menu.separator();
+                }
+                // 保存当前
+                let weak_save = weak_view.clone();
+                let name_input = preset_name.clone();
+                menu = menu.item(PopupMenuItem::new("保存当前为预设…").on_click(
+                    move |_ev, window, cx| {
+                        if let Some(view) = weak_save.upgrade() {
+                            view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
+                                view.open_save_preset_dialog(window, cx, name_input.clone());
+                            });
+                        }
+                    },
+                ));
+                // 删除子菜单
+                if has {
+                    let weak_del = weak_view.clone();
+                    let del_presets = presets.clone();
+                    menu = menu.submenu(
+                        "删除预设",
+                        window,
+                        cx,
+                        move |submenu, _window, _cx| {
+                            let mut submenu = submenu;
+                            for p in &del_presets {
+                                let weak2 = weak_del.clone();
+                                let id = p.id.clone();
+                                let label = format!("删除「{}」", p.name);
+                                submenu = submenu.item(
+                                    PopupMenuItem::new(SharedString::from(label)).on_click(
+                                        move |_ev, _w, cx| {
+                                            if let Some(view) = weak2.upgrade() {
+                                                view.update(cx, |view, cx| {
+                                                    if let Some(app) = view.app.upgrade() {
+                                                        app.update(cx, |app, cx| {
+                                                            app.delete_publish_preset(&id);
+                                                            cx.notify();
+                                                        });
+                                                    }
+                                                });
+                                            }
+                                        },
+                                    ),
+                                );
+                            }
+                            submenu
+                        },
+                    );
+                }
+                menu
+            })
+    }
+
+    /// 打开"保存为预设"命名对话框，保存当前发布参数。
+    fn open_save_preset_dialog(
+        &mut self,
+        window: &mut Window,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+        name_input: Entity<InputState>,
+    ) {
+        // 预填默认名
+        let topic = self.pub_topic.read(cx).value().to_string();
+        let default_name = if topic.is_empty() {
+            "新预设".to_string()
+        } else {
+            topic.chars().take(20).collect()
+        };
+        name_input.update(cx, |s, cx| s.set_value(default_name, window, cx));
+
+        let weak = cx.weak_entity();
+        let name_for_ok = name_input.clone();
+        window.open_dialog(cx, move |dialog, _, _| {
+            dialog
+                .w(px(420.))
+                .title("保存消息预设")
+                .child(v_flex().gap_3().child(
+                    crate::ui::widgets::field("预设名称", Input::new(&name_for_ok)),
+                ))
+                .footer(
+                    h_flex()
+                        .gap_2()
+                        .justify_end()
+                        .w_full()
+                        .child(
+                            Button::new("preset-save-cancel")
+                                .label("取消")
+                                .outline()
+                                .on_click(move |_, window, cx| window.close_dialog(cx)),
+                        )
+                        .child(
+                            Button::new("preset-save-ok")
+                                .label("保存")
+                                .primary()
+                                .on_click({
+                                    let name_input = name_for_ok.clone();
+                                    let weak = weak.clone();
+                                    move |_ev, window, cx| {
+                                        let name = name_input
+                                            .read(cx)
+                                            .value()
+                                            .trim()
+                                            .to_string();
+                                        if name.is_empty() {
+                                            window.push_notification(
+                                                Notification::warning("请填写预设名称"),
+                                                cx,
+                                            );
+                                            return;
+                                        }
+                                        let params = weak
+                                            .read_with(cx, |view, cx| {
+                                                view.collect_publish_params(cx)
+                                            })
+                                            .ok();
+                                        if let (Some(view), Some(params)) =
+                                            (weak.upgrade(), params)
+                                            && let Some(app) = view.read(cx).app.upgrade() {
+                                                app.update(cx, |app, cx| {
+                                                    app.upsert_publish_preset(name, params);
+                                                    cx.notify();
+                                                });
+                                                window.push_notification(
+                                                    Notification::success("预设已保存"),
+                                                    cx,
+                                                );
+                                            }
+                                        window.close_dialog(cx);
+                                    }
+                                }),
+                        ),
+                )
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+impl Render for ConnectionView {
+    fn render(&mut self, _window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let panel = self.panel;
+        v_flex()
+            .size_full()
+            .min_w(px(0.))
+            .child(self.render_top_bar(cx))
+            .child(self.render_subscribe_bar(cx))
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .flex_1()
+                    .min_h(px(0.))
+                    .child(self.render_subscriptions(cx))
+                    .child(
+                        v_flex()
+                            .flex_1()
+                            .min_w(px(0.))
+                            .h_full()
+                            .child(
+                                TabBar::new("workspace-tabs")
+                                    .segmented()
+                                    .selected_index(if panel == Panel::Messages { 0 } else { 1 })
+                                    .child(
+                                        Tab::new()
+                                            .label("消息流")
+                                            .selected(panel == Panel::Messages)
+                                            .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, _, cx| {
+                                                this.panel = Panel::Messages;
+                                                cx.notify();
+                                            })),
+                                    )
+                                    .child(
+                                        Tab::new()
+                                            .label("日志")
+                                            .selected(panel == Panel::Logs)
+                                            .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, _, cx| {
+                                                this.panel = Panel::Logs;
+                                                cx.notify();
+                                            })),
+                                    ),
+                            )
+                            .child(match panel {
+                                Panel::Messages => self.render_messages(cx).into_any_element(),
+                                Panel::Logs => self.render_logs(cx).into_any_element(),
+                            }),
+                    ),
+            )
+            .child(self.render_publish_bar(cx))
+    }
+}
+
+fn preview_payload(payload: &str, expanded: bool) -> String {
+    if expanded {
+        payload.to_string()
+    } else {
+        let one_line: String = payload.chars().take(200).collect();
+        if payload.len() > 200 {
+            format!("{one_line}…")
+        } else {
+            one_line
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/logo.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/logo.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ce1a5db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/logo.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+//! MQTTX 品牌 Logo：纯 GPUI 原语绘制的 pub/sub 拓扑徽标。
+//!
+//! - 圆角方块作为品牌底（主色）；
+//! - 中心圆点代表 broker，连线连向发布端与订阅端，
+//!   表达 MQTT “发布 / 代理 / 订阅” 的星型拓扑；
+//! - 末端节点用环形描边，与中心实心 broker 区分。
+
+use gpui_kit::{
+    canvas, div, px, App, Bounds, Corners, Edges, Hsla, IntoElement, ParentElement,
+    PathBuilder, Pixels, Point, Size, Styled as _, Window,
+};
+
+/// 绘制一个指定边长的 Logo（容器被设置为该尺寸）。
+pub fn logo(side: Pixels, bg: Hsla, fg: Hsla) -> impl IntoElement {
+    let inner = canvas(
+        move |_bounds, _window, _cx| (bg, fg, side),
+        move |bounds, (bg, fg, side), window, _cx| {
+            // 品牌圆角方块
+            let radius = side * 0.26;
+            window.paint_quad(gpui_kit::quad(
+                bounds,
+                Corners::all(radius),
+                bg,
+                Edges::all(px(0.)),
+                bg,
+                gpui_kit::BorderStyle::default(),
+            ));
+
+            let origin = bounds.origin;
+            // 归一化比例坐标 → 像素
+            let at = move |x: f32, y: f32| Point::new(origin.x + side * x, origin.y + side * y);
+
+            // 中心 broker 与三个客户端节点（右上任一发布、右下与左侧订阅）
+            let center = (0.5_f32, 0.5_f32);
+            let nodes = [(0.78_f32, 0.27_f32), (0.78, 0.73), (0.23, 0.5)];
+
+            // 连线，两端补圆点形成圆头效果（不依赖 lyon LineCap）
+            for &(nx, ny) in &nodes {
+                let a = at(center.0, center.1);
+                let b = at(nx, ny);
+                if let Some(p) = line_path(a, b, side * 0.04) {
+                    window.paint_path(p, fg.alpha(0.9));
+                }
+                paint_dot(window, a, side * 0.05, fg.alpha(0.9));
+                paint_dot(window, b, side * 0.05, fg.alpha(0.9));
+            }
+
+            // 实心中心 broker（覆盖端点）
+            paint_dot(window, at(center.0, center.1), side * 0.17, fg);
+            // 环形末端节点
+            for &(nx, ny) in &nodes {
+                paint_ring(window, at(nx, ny), side * 0.15, side * 0.03, bg, fg);
+            }
+        },
+    )
+    .absolute()
+    .size_full();
+
+    div()
+        .relative()
+        .w(side)
+        .h(side)
+        .child(inner)
+}
+
+fn paint_dot(window: &mut Window, center: Point<Pixels>, d: Pixels, color: Hsla) {
+    let r = d * 0.5;
+    let bounds = Bounds {
+        origin: Point::new(center.x - r, center.y - r),
+        size: Size {
+            width: d,
+            height: d,
+        },
+    };
+    window.paint_quad(gpui_kit::quad(
+        bounds,
+        Corners::all(r),
+        color,
+        Edges::all(px(0.)),
+        color,
+        gpui_kit::BorderStyle::default(),
+    ));
+}
+
+fn paint_ring(
+    window: &mut Window,
+    center: Point<Pixels>,
+    d: Pixels,
+    thickness: Pixels,
+    fill: Hsla,
+    border: Hsla,
+) {
+    let r = d * 0.5;
+    let bounds = Bounds {
+        origin: Point::new(center.x - r, center.y - r),
+        size: Size {
+            width: d,
+            height: d,
+        },
+    };
+    window.paint_quad(gpui_kit::quad(
+        bounds,
+        Corners::all(r),
+        fill,
+        Edges::all(thickness),
+        border,
+        gpui_kit::BorderStyle::Solid,
+    ));
+}
+
+fn line_path(
+    a: Point<Pixels>,
+    b: Point<Pixels>,
+    width: Pixels,
+) -> Option<gpui_kit::Path<Pixels>> {
+    let mut pb = PathBuilder::stroke(width);
+    pb.move_to(a);
+    pb.line_to(b);
+    pb.build().ok()
+}
+
+#[allow(unused_imports)]
+use App as _App;
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/mod.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c2d5074
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//! GPUI 界面层。
+
+pub mod aliyun_dialog;
+pub mod app;
+pub mod connection_form;
+pub mod connection_view;
+pub mod logo;
+pub mod settings_dialog;
+pub mod variables_dialog;
+pub mod widgets;
+
+/// 统一使用全量 Lucide 图标（gpui-kit-assets 已随应用加载）。
+pub use gpui_kit::assets::IconName;
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/settings_dialog.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/settings_dialog.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbf3a21
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/settings_dialog.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+//! 应用设置对话框：主题、消息缓存条数、时间戳显示。
+
+use gpui_kit::component::button::{Button, ButtonVariants as _};
+use gpui_kit::component::input::{Input, InputState};
+use gpui_kit::component::select::{Select, SelectState};
+use gpui_kit::component::switch::Switch;
+use gpui_kit::component::{
+    h_flex, notification::Notification, v_flex, WindowExt as _,
+};
+use gpui_kit::{
+    div, px, App, AppContext as _, Context, Entity, IntoElement, ParentElement as _, Render,
+    Styled as _, Window,
+};
+
+use crate::model::{AppSettings, ThemeModePref};
+use crate::ui::app::MqttXApp;
+use crate::ui::widgets::{field, make_select, OptionDelegate};
+
+const THEMES: [&str; 3] = ["跟随系统", "浅色", "深色"];
+
+struct SettingsDialog {
+    theme: Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>>,
+    max_messages: Entity<InputState>,
+    show_millis: bool,
+}
+
+impl SettingsDialog {
+    fn new(initial: AppSettings, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> Self {
+        let theme_idx = match initial.theme {
+            ThemeModePref::System => 0,
+            ThemeModePref::Light => 1,
+            ThemeModePref::Dark => 2,
+        };
+        Self {
+            theme: make_select(&THEMES, theme_idx, window, cx),
+            max_messages: cx.new(|cx| {
+                InputState::new(window, cx).default_value(initial.max_messages.to_string())
+            }),
+            show_millis: initial.show_millis,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn collect(&self, cx: &App) -> Result<AppSettings, String> {
+        let theme = match self.theme.read(cx).selected_value() {
+            Some(1) => ThemeModePref::Light,
+            Some(2) => ThemeModePref::Dark,
+            _ => ThemeModePref::System,
+        };
+        let max_messages = self
+            .max_messages
+            .read(cx)
+            .value()
+            .trim()
+            .parse::<usize>()
+            .map_err(|_| "消息缓存条数必须是正整数".to_string())?
+            .max(100);
+        Ok(AppSettings {
+            theme,
+            max_messages,
+            show_millis: self.show_millis,
+            ..Default::default()
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+impl Render for SettingsDialog {
+    fn render(&mut self, _window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        v_flex()
+            .gap_4()
+            .w(px(420.))
+            .child(field("主题", Select::new(&self.theme)))
+            .child(field(
+                "每条连接内存中保留的消息条数",
+                Input::new(&self.max_messages),
+            ))
+            .child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .justify_between()
+                    .child(div().text_sm().child("时间戳显示毫秒"))
+                    .child(
+                        Switch::new("show-millis")
+                            .checked(self.show_millis)
+                            .on_change(cx.listener(|this, v, _, cx| {
+                                this.show_millis = *v;
+                                cx.notify();
+                            })),
+                    ),
+            )
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn open(app: Entity<MqttXApp>, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut App) {
+    let initial = app.read(cx).settings.clone();
+    let dialog_view: Entity<SettingsDialog> =
+        cx.new(|cx| SettingsDialog::new(initial, window, cx));
+    let app_save = app.clone();
+    window.open_dialog(cx, move |dialog, _window, _cx| {
+        let body = dialog_view.clone();
+        let for_collect = dialog_view.clone();
+        let app_for_save = app_save.clone();
+        dialog
+            .w(px(480.))
+            .title("设置")
+            .child(body)
+            .footer(
+                h_flex()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .justify_end()
+                    .w_full()
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new("settings-cancel")
+                            .label("取消")
+                            .outline()
+                            .on_click(|_, window, cx| window.close_dialog(cx)),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new("settings-ok")
+                            .label("保存")
+                            .primary()
+                            .on_click(move |_, window, cx| {
+                                let result = for_collect.read(cx).collect(cx);
+                                match result {
+                                    Ok(settings) => {
+                                        app_for_save.update(cx, |a, cx| {
+                                            a.save_settings(settings, cx);
+                                            cx.notify();
+                                        });
+                                        window.close_dialog(cx);
+                                    }
+                                    Err(e) => {
+                                        window.push_notification(Notification::error(e), cx);
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }),
+                    ),
+            )
+    });
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/variables_dialog.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/variables_dialog.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..67e8c9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/variables_dialog.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+//! 全局变量管理对话框。变量可在发布主题/负载中以 `{{key}}` 引用。
+
+use gpui_kit::component::button::{Button, ButtonVariants as _};
+use gpui_kit::component::{h_flex, v_flex, WindowExt as _};
+use gpui_kit::{
+    px, App, AppContext as _, Entity, ParentElement as _, Styled as _, Window,
+};
+
+use crate::model::GlobalVariable;
+use crate::ui::app::MqttXApp;
+use crate::ui::widgets::KvEditor;
+
+pub fn open(app: Entity<MqttXApp>, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut App) {
+    let pairs: Vec<(String, String)> = app
+        .read(cx)
+        .variables
+        .iter()
+        .map(|v| (v.key.clone(), v.value.clone()))
+        .collect();
+    let editor: Entity<KvEditor> =
+        cx.new(|cx| KvEditor::new("global-var", &pairs, window, cx));
+    let app = app.clone();
+
+    window.open_dialog(cx, move |dialog, _, _| {
+        let editor_body = editor.clone();
+        let for_ok = editor.clone();
+        let app_ok = app.clone();
+        dialog
+            .w(px(560.))
+            .title("全局变量")
+            .child(
+                v_flex()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .child(
+                        v_flex()
+                            .text_sm()
+                            .gap_1()
+                            .child("在发布主题、消息负载中使用 {{变量名}} 引用。")
+                            .child("内置变量：{{$ts}}（秒）、{{$ts_ms}}（毫秒）、{{$uuid}}"),
+                    )
+                    .child(editor_body),
+            )
+            .footer(
+                h_flex()
+                    .gap_2()
+                    .justify_end()
+                    .w_full()
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new("vars-cancel")
+                            .label("取消")
+                            .outline()
+                            .on_click(|_, window, cx| window.close_dialog(cx)),
+                    )
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new("vars-ok")
+                            .label("保存")
+                            .primary()
+                            .on_click(move |_, window, cx| {
+                                let vars = for_ok
+                                    .read(cx)
+                                    .pairs(cx)
+                                    .into_iter()
+                                    .map(|(key, value)| GlobalVariable { key, value })
+                                    .collect();
+                                app_ok.update(cx, |a, cx| {
+                                    a.save_variables(vars);
+                                    cx.notify();
+                                });
+                                window.close_dialog(cx);
+                            }),
+                    ),
+            )
+    });
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/src/ui/widgets.rs b/gpui-app/src/ui/widgets.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ea7c756
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/src/ui/widgets.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+//! 跨界面复用的小组件：枚举下拉、键值对编辑器、状态指示、字段行等。
+
+use gpui_kit::component::button::{Button, ButtonVariants as _};
+use gpui_kit::component::input::{Input, InputState};
+use gpui_kit::component::searchable_list::{SearchableListDelegate, SearchableListItem};
+use gpui_kit::component::select::{Select, SelectState};
+use gpui_kit::component::{h_flex, v_flex, ActiveTheme as _, Disableable as _, IndexPath, Sizable as _};
+use crate::ui::IconName;
+use gpui_kit::{App, AppContext as _, Context, Entity, Hsla, InteractiveElement as _, IntoElement, ParentElement as _, Render, SharedString, Styled as _, Window, div, px};
+
+use crate::model::ConnectionStatus;
+
+// ─── 枚举下拉 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct OptionItem {
+    pub value: usize,
+    pub label: SharedString,
+}
+
+impl SearchableListItem for OptionItem {
+    type Value = usize;
+    fn title(&self) -> SharedString {
+        self.label.clone()
+    }
+    fn value(&self) -> &usize {
+        &self.value
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct OptionDelegate {
+    pub items: Vec<OptionItem>,
+}
+
+impl OptionDelegate {
+    pub fn new(labels: &[&str]) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            items: labels
+                .iter()
+                .enumerate()
+                .map(|(i, l)| OptionItem {
+                    value: i,
+                    label: (*l).into(),
+                })
+                .collect(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl SearchableListDelegate for OptionDelegate {
+    type Item = OptionItem;
+    fn items_count(&self, _section: usize) -> usize {
+        self.items.len()
+    }
+    fn item(&self, ix: IndexPath) -> Option<&Self::Item> {
+        self.items.get(ix.row)
+    }
+    fn position<V>(&self, _value: &V) -> Option<IndexPath>
+    where
+        Self::Item: SearchableListItem<Value = V>,
+        V: PartialEq,
+    {
+        // 选中项统一通过 IndexPath 构造，无需按值反查
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+/// 创建字符串枚举下拉状态（在任意实体上下文里调用）。
+pub fn make_select<C: gpui_kit::AppContext>(
+    labels: &[&str],
+    selected: usize,
+    window: &mut Window,
+    cx: &mut C,
+) -> Entity<SelectState<OptionDelegate>> {
+    let selected = selected.min(labels.len().saturating_sub(1));
+    cx.new(|cx| {
+        SelectState::new(
+            OptionDelegate::new(labels),
+            Some(IndexPath::new(selected)),
+            window,
+            cx,
+        )
+    })
+}
+
+// ─── 字段行 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// 小号标签 + 控件的垂直字段容器。
+pub fn field(label: impl Into<SharedString>, control: impl IntoElement) -> impl IntoElement {
+    v_flex()
+        .gap_1()
+        .min_w(px(0.))
+        .child(div().text_xs().child(label.into()))
+        .child(control)
+}
+
+// ─── 状态颜色 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn status_color(status: ConnectionStatus, cx: &App) -> Hsla {
+    let t = cx.theme();
+    match status {
+        ConnectionStatus::Connected => t.success,
+        ConnectionStatus::Connecting => t.warning,
+        ConnectionStatus::Error => t.danger,
+        ConnectionStatus::Disconnected => t.muted_foreground,
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn status_dot(status: ConnectionStatus, cx: &App) -> impl IntoElement {
+    div()
+        .size(px(8.))
+        .rounded_full()
+        .bg(status_color(status, cx))
+}
+
+// ─── 键值对编辑器 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+/// MQTT 5 用户属性等 key/value 列表编辑器。
+pub struct KvEditor {
+    id_prefix: SharedString,
+    pub rows: Vec<(Entity<InputState>, Entity<InputState>)>,
+}
+
+impl KvEditor {
+    pub fn new(
+        id_prefix: impl Into<SharedString>,
+        pairs: &[(String, String)],
+        window: &mut Window,
+        cx: &mut Context<Self>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let mut editor = Self {
+            id_prefix: id_prefix.into(),
+            rows: Vec::new(),
+        };
+        for (k, v) in pairs {
+            editor.push(Some((k.as_str(), v.as_str())), window, cx);
+        }
+        if editor.rows.is_empty() {
+            editor.push(None, window, cx);
+        }
+        editor
+    }
+
+    fn push(&mut self, initial: Option<(&str, &str)>, window: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) {
+        let key = cx.new(|cx| {
+            let mut s = InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("key");
+            if let Some((k, _)) = initial {
+                s.set_value(k, window, cx);
+            }
+            s
+        });
+        let value = cx.new(|cx| {
+            let mut s = InputState::new(window, cx).placeholder("value");
+            if let Some((_, v)) = initial {
+                s.set_value(v, window, cx);
+            }
+            s
+        });
+        self.rows.push((key, value));
+    }
+
+    pub fn pairs(&self, cx: &App) -> Vec<(String, String)> {
+        self.rows
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(k, v)| (k.read(cx).value().to_string(), v.read(cx).value().to_string()))
+            .filter(|(k, _)| !k.trim().is_empty())
+            .collect()
+    }
+}
+
+impl Render for KvEditor {
+    fn render(&mut self, _: &mut Window, cx: &mut Context<Self>) -> impl IntoElement {
+        let prefix = self.id_prefix.clone();
+        let count = self.rows.len();
+
+        let mut rows = v_flex().gap_1();
+        for (i, (key, value)) in self.rows.iter().cloned().enumerate() {
+            rows = rows.child(
+                h_flex()
+                    .id(SharedString::from(format!("kv-row-{prefix}-{i}")))
+                    .gap_1()
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(Input::new(&key)))
+                    .child(div().flex_1().min_w(px(0.)).child(Input::new(&value)))
+                    .child(
+                        Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("kv-del-{prefix}-{i}")))
+                            .icon(IconName::Close)
+                            .ghost()
+                            .xsmall()
+                            .disabled(count <= 1)
+                            .on_click(cx.listener(move |this, _, _, cx| {
+                                if this.rows.len() > 1 {
+                                    this.rows.remove(i);
+                                    cx.notify();
+                                }
+                            })),
+                    ),
+            );
+        }
+
+        v_flex()
+            .gap_2()
+            .child(rows)
+            .child(
+                Button::new(SharedString::from(format!("kv-add-{prefix}")))
+                    .icon(IconName::Plus)
+                    .label("添加属性")
+                    .ghost()
+                    .xsmall()
+                    .on_click(cx.listener(|this, _, window, cx| {
+                        this.push(None, window, cx);
+                        cx.notify();
+                    })),
+            )
+    }
+}
+
+// ─── 时间格式化 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+pub fn format_time(ts_ms: i64, show_millis: bool) -> String {
+    use chrono::TimeZone as _;
+    let Some(dt) = chrono::Local.timestamp_millis_opt(ts_ms).single() else {
+        return String::new();
+    };
+    if show_millis {
+        dt.format("%H:%M:%S%.3f").to_string()
+    } else {
+        dt.format("%H:%M:%S").to_string()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Select::new 的包装，统一外观。
+pub fn select_element<D: SearchableListDelegate>(
+    state: &Entity<SelectState<D>>,
+) -> Select<D>
+where
+    <D::Item as SearchableListItem>::Value: PartialEq + Clone,
+{
+    Select::new(state)
+}
diff --git a/gpui-app/tests/engine_live.rs b/gpui-app/tests/engine_live.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f950f01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gpui-app/tests/engine_live.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+//! 真实 MQTT 引擎连通性测试：连接公共 broker，订阅并验证消息回环。
+//! 默认忽略；设置 MQTTX_LIVE=1 并加 --ignored 运行（依赖外网）。
+
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+use mqttx_desktop::model::{
+    ConnectionConfig, ConnectionStatus, ProtocolVersion, PublishParams, Subscription, TransportKind,
+};
+use mqttx_desktop::mqtt::{EngineEvent, MqttEngine};
+
+#[test]
+#[ignore = "需外网：MQTTX_LIVE=1 cargo test --test engine_live -- --ignored"]
+fn v5_tcp_pubsub_roundtrip() {
+    let (tx, rx) = smol::channel::unbounded();
+    let engine = MqttEngine::new(tx);
+
+    let mut cfg = ConnectionConfig::new();
+    cfg.name = "live-v5".into();
+    cfg.host = "broker.emqx.io".into();
+    cfg.port = 1883;
+    cfg.transport = TransportKind::Tcp;
+    cfg.protocol = ProtocolVersion::V5;
+    cfg.auto_reconnect = false;
+    cfg.auto_resubscribe = false;
+    let cid = cfg.id.clone();
+    let topic = format!("mqttx/gpui-test/{}/{}", cid, uuid::Uuid::new_v4());
+
+    engine.connect(cfg);
+
+    assert!(wait_connected(&rx), "未能在 15 秒内连接 broker.emqx.io");
+
+    engine.subscribe(cid.clone(), Subscription::new(cid.clone(), topic.clone(), 0));
+    assert!(wait_subscribe(&rx, &topic), "订阅未确认");
+
+    // 等 broker 传播订阅状态
+    std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
+
+    engine.publish(
+        cid.clone(),
+        PublishParams {
+            topic: topic.clone(),
+            payload: "hello-gpui".into(),
+            qos: 0,
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    );
+
+    assert!(wait_message(&rx, &topic), "未收到自己发布的消息（回环失败）");
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[ignore = "需外网：MQTTX_LIVE=1 cargo test --test engine_live -- --ignored"]
+fn v311_tcp_connect() {
+    let (tx, rx) = smol::channel::unbounded();
+    let engine = MqttEngine::new(tx);
+
+    let mut cfg = ConnectionConfig::new();
+    cfg.host = "broker.emqx.io".into();
+    cfg.port = 1883;
+    cfg.protocol = ProtocolVersion::V311;
+    cfg.auto_reconnect = false;
+    cfg.auto_resubscribe = false;
+
+    engine.connect(cfg);
+    assert!(wait_connected(&rx), "MQTT 3.1.1 连接失败");
+}
+
+fn pump<F: FnMut(&EngineEvent) -> bool>(
+    rx: &smol::channel::Receiver<EngineEvent>,
+    timeout: Duration,
+    mut pred: F,
+) -> bool {
+    let deadline = Instant::now() + timeout;
+    while Instant::now() < deadline {
+        match rx.try_recv() {
+            Ok(ev) => {
+                if pred(&ev) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+            Err(_) => std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(30)),
+        }
+    }
+    false
+}
+
+fn wait_connected(rx: &smol::channel::Receiver<EngineEvent>) -> bool {
+    pump(rx, Duration::from_secs(15), |ev| match ev {
+        EngineEvent::Status {
+            status: ConnectionStatus::Connected,
+            ..
+        } => true,
+        EngineEvent::Status {
+            status: ConnectionStatus::Error,
+            error,
+            ..
+        } => panic!("连接错误: {error:?}"),
+        _ => false,
+    })
+}
+
+fn wait_subscribe(rx: &smol::channel::Receiver<EngineEvent>, topic: &str) -> bool {
+    pump(rx, Duration::from_secs(8), |ev| match ev {
+        EngineEvent::SubscribeResult { topic: t, ok, .. } => t == topic && *ok,
+        _ => false,
+    })
+}
+
+fn wait_message(rx: &smol::channel::Receiver<EngineEvent>, topic: &str) -> bool {
+    pump(rx, Duration::from_secs(10), |ev| match ev {
+        EngineEvent::Message(m) => m.topic == topic && m.payload == "hello-gpui",
+        _ => false,
+    })
+}
diff --git a/scripts/publish-gitea.ps1 b/scripts/publish-gitea.ps1
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a51e3a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/publish-gitea.ps1
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+  发布构建产物到 Gitea Package Registry（Generic 包）。
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+  用 Gitea Generic Package API 上传文件：
+    PUT {GITEA_URL}/api/packages/{owner}/generic/{pkg}/{version}/{filename}
+  认证：Authorization: token <GITEA_TOKEN>
+  同名版本重复上传会得到 409，脚本按"已存在"处理。
+  上传成功后附加 .sha256 校验文件。
+
+.EXAMPLE
+  $env:GITEA_URL = "https://gitea.example.com"
+  $env:GITEA_TOKEN = "xxxxxxxx"
+  .\scripts\publish-gitea.ps1                          # 上传默认产物，版本自动推断
+  .\scripts\publish-gitea.ps1 -Version v1.0.1          # 指定版本
+  .\scripts\publish-gitea.ps1 -Files a.exe, b.zip      # 指定文件
+
+.PARAMETER Files
+  待上传文件列表。缺省时自动探测 target/release/mqttx(.exe)。
+.PARAMETER Version
+  软件包版本。缺省时依次尝试 git describe --tags、gpui-app/Cargo.toml。
+.PARAMETER Owner
+  覆盖 GITEA_OWNER（缺省时从 git remote origin 推断）。
+.PARAMETER PackageName
+  覆盖 GITEA_PKG（默认 mqttx）。
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [string[]]$Files = @(),
+    [string]$Version = "",
+    [string]$Owner = "",
+    [string]$PackageName = ""
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = "Stop"
+# Windows PowerShell 5.1 默认可能协商 TLS1.0，现代 Gitea 实例要求 TLS1.2+
+try {
+    [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = `
+        [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+} catch { }
+
+function Die($msg) { Write-Error "错误: $msg"; exit 1 }
+
+# ── 必填配置 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+$GiteaUrl = $env:GITEA_URL
+$Token = $env:GITEA_TOKEN
+if (-not $GiteaUrl) { Die "缺少环境变量 GITEA_URL（如 https://gitea.example.com）" }
+if (-not $Token) { Die "缺少环境变量 GITEA_TOKEN（需 package 写权限）" }
+$GiteaUrl = $GiteaUrl.TrimEnd("/")
+
+$Root = Split-Path -Parent (Split-Path -Parent $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path)
+$Pkg = if ($PackageName) { $PackageName } elseif ($env:GITEA_PKG) { $env:GITEA_PKG } else { "mqttx" }
+
+# ── owner：参数 > GITEA_OWNER > git remote origin 推断 ──────────────────────
+if (-not $Owner) { $Owner = $env:GITEA_OWNER }
+if (-not $Owner) {
+    $remote = git -C $Root remote get-url origin 2>$null
+    if ($remote) {
+        # 兼容 git@host:owner/repo.git 与 https://host/owner/repo.git
+        if ($remote -match "://") {
+            # URL 形式：取 host 之后的路径段
+            $path = ($remote -split "/", 4)[-1]
+        }
+        else {
+            # SCP 形式 git@host:owner/repo
+            $path = ($remote -split ":", 2)[-1]
+        }
+        $path = $path -replace "\.git$", ""
+        $seg = @($path -split "/" | Where-Object { $_ })
+        if ($seg.Count -ge 2) { $Owner = $seg[0] }
+    }
+}
+if (-not $Owner) { Die "无法推断 owner，请用 -Owner 或 GITEA_OWNER 指定" }
+
+# ── 版本：参数 > git describe > Cargo.toml ──────────────────────────────────
+if (-not $Version) {
+    $Version = (git -C $Root describe --tags --always 2>$null)
+}
+if (-not $Version) {
+    $m = Select-String -Path (Join-Path $Root "gpui-app\Cargo.toml") -Pattern '^version = "(.+)"' | Select-Object -First 1
+    if ($m) { $Version = $m.Matches[0].Groups[1].Value }
+}
+if (-not $Version) { Die "无法确定版本号" }
+$Version = $Version -replace "/", "-"   # Gitea 版本段不允许 "/"
+
+# ── 默认产物 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+if (-not $Files -or $Files.Count -eq 0) {
+    $exe = Join-Path $Root "target\release\mqttx.exe"
+    $bin = Join-Path $Root "target\release\mqttx"
+    if (Test-Path $exe) { $Files = @($exe) }
+    elseif (Test-Path $bin) { $Files = @($bin) }
+    else { Die "未找到产物，请先 cargo build --release，或用 -Files 指定" }
+}
+
+Write-Host "→ Gitea:   $GiteaUrl"
+Write-Host "→ 软件包:  $Owner/$Pkg@$Version"
+Write-Host "→ 产物:    $($Files -join ', ')"
+
+foreach ($f in $Files) {
+    if (-not (Test-Path $f)) { Die "文件不存在: $f" }
+    $name = Split-Path -Leaf $f
+    $size = "{0:N1} MB" -f ((Get-Item $f).Length / 1MB)
+    Write-Host "→ 上传 $name ($size)"
+
+    $url = "$GiteaUrl/api/packages/$Owner/generic/$Pkg/$Version/$name"
+    # Windows PowerShell 5.1 无 -InFile 的 token 认证上传也走 Invoke-WebRequest
+    try {
+        Invoke-RestMethod -Method Put `
+            -Headers @{ Authorization = "token $Token" } `
+            -InFile $f `
+            -ContentType "application/octet-stream" `
+            -Uri $url | Out-Null
+        Write-Host "  ✓ 已发布 $name" -ForegroundColor Green
+    }
+    catch {
+        $status = $null
+        if ($_.Exception.Response) { $status = [int]$_.Exception.Response.StatusCode }
+        if ($status -eq 409) {
+            Write-Host "  ! 已存在同名版本（409），跳过：$name" -ForegroundColor Yellow
+            continue
+        }
+        Die "上传失败: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+
+    # 附带 sha256 校验文件
+    $sum = (Get-FileHash -Algorithm SHA256 $f).Hash.ToLower()
+    $sidecar = "$f.sha256"
+    "$sum  $name" | Set-Content -NoNewline -Encoding ascii $sidecar
+    try {
+        Invoke-RestMethod -Method Put `
+            -Headers @{ Authorization = "token $Token" } `
+            -InFile $sidecar `
+            -ContentType "text/plain" `
+            -Uri "$url.sha256" | Out-Null
+        Write-Host "  ✓ 已发布 $name.sha256" -ForegroundColor Green
+    }
+    catch {
+        Write-Host "  ! sha256 文件上传失败" -ForegroundColor Yellow
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Host "完成。软件包页面: $GiteaUrl/$Owner?tab=packages" -ForegroundColor Cyan
diff --git a/scripts/publish-gitea.sh b/scripts/publish-gitea.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..17ae21b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/publish-gitea.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# 发布构建产物到 Gitea Package Registry（Generic 包）。
+#
+# 用法：
+#   GITEA_URL=https://gitea.example.com GITEA_TOKEN=xxx \
+#     ./scripts/publish-gitea.sh [文件...] [版本]
+#
+# 环境变量：
+#   GITEA_URL    实例地址，如 https://gitea.example.com（必填）
+#   GITEA_TOKEN  访问令牌，需 package 写权限（必填）
+#   GITEA_OWNER  软件包所属用户/组织（默认：由 git remote 推断，失败则报错）
+#   GITEA_PKG    软件包名（默认 mqttx）
+#
+# 版本推断顺序：参数 > git describe --tags > gpui-app/Cargo.toml。
+set -euo pipefail
+
+die() { echo "错误: $*" >&2; exit 1; }
+
+[ -n "${GITEA_URL:-}" ] || die "缺少 GITEA_URL"
+[ -n "${GITEA_TOKEN:-}" ] || die "缺少 GITEA_TOKEN"
+GITEA_URL="${GITEA_URL%/}"
+
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")/.." && pwd)"
+PKG="${GITEA_PKG:-mqttx}"
+
+# ── owner：优先环境变量，其次从 git remote 推断 ──────────────────────────────
+owner_of_remote() {
+  local url path
+  url="$(git -C "$ROOT" remote get-url origin 2>/dev/null)" || return 1
+  case "$url" in
+    *://*) path="${url#*://}"; path="${path#*/}" ;;  # https://host/owner/repo.git
+    *:*)   path="${url#*:}" ;;                       # git@host:owner/repo.git
+    *)     return 1 ;;
+  esac
+  path="${path%.git}"
+  printf '%s\n' "${path%%/*}"
+}
+OWNER="${GITEA_OWNER:-$(owner_of_remote || true)}"
+[ -n "${OWNER:-}" ] || die "无法推断 GITEA_OWNER，请显式设置"
+
+# ── 版本：参数 > git describe > Cargo.toml ───────────────────────────────────
+FILES=()
+for arg in "$@"; do
+  if [ -f "$arg" ]; then FILES+=("$arg"); else VERSION="$arg"; fi
+done
+if [ -z "${VERSION:-}" ]; then
+  VERSION="$(git -C "$ROOT" describe --tags --always 2>/dev/null || true)"
+fi
+if [ -z "${VERSION:-}" ]; then
+  VERSION="$(sed -n 's/^version = "\(.*\)"/\1/p' "$ROOT/gpui-app/Cargo.toml" | head -1)"
+fi
+[ -n "${VERSION:-}" ] || die "无法确定版本号"
+# Gitea 版本段不允许 "/"，tag 形如 v1.0.0-3-gabc123 时规范化
+VERSION="${VERSION//\//-}"
+
+# ── 默认产物 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+if [ "${#FILES[@]}" -eq 0 ]; then
+  if [ -x "$ROOT/target/release/mqttx.exe" ]; then
+    FILES=("$ROOT/target/release/mqttx.exe")
+  elif [ -x "$ROOT/target/release/mqttx" ]; then
+    FILES=("$ROOT/target/release/mqttx")
+  else
+    die "未找到产物，请先 cargo build --release，或显式传入文件"
+  fi
+fi
+
+echo "→ Gitea: $GITEA_URL"
+echo "→ 软件包: $OWNER/$PKG@$VERSION"
+echo "→ 产物: ${FILES[*]}"
+
+sha256() {
+  if command -v sha256sum >/dev/null 2>&1; then sha256sum "$1" | cut -d' ' -f1
+  else shasum -a 256 "$1" | cut -d' ' -f1; fi
+}
+
+for f in "${FILES[@]}"; do
+  [ -f "$f" ] || die "文件不存在: $f"
+  name="$(basename "$f")"
+  echo "→ 上传 $name ($(du -h "$f" | cut -f1))"
+
+  code="$(curl -sS -o /tmp/gitea-pkg-resp.txt -w '%{http_code}' \
+    -X PUT \
+    -H "Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" \
+    --upload-file "$f" \
+    "${GITEA_URL}/api/packages/${OWNER}/generic/${PKG}/${VERSION}/${name}")"
+
+  case "$code" in
+    201|200|409) # 409 = 同名版本已存在，Gitea 拒绝覆盖
+      if [ "$code" = "409" ]; then
+        echo "  ! 已存在同名版本（409），跳过：$name"
+      else
+        echo "  ✓ 已发布 $name (HTTP $code)"
+        # 附带 sha256 校验文件，便于下游验证
+        sum="$(sha256 "$f")"
+        echo "$sum  $name" > "${f}.sha256"
+        code2="$(curl -sS -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}' \
+          -X PUT \
+          -H "Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" \
+          -H "Content-Type: text/plain" \
+          --data-binary "@${f}.sha256" \
+          "${GITEA_URL}/api/packages/${OWNER}/generic/${PKG}/${VERSION}/${name}.sha256")"
+        [ "$code2" = "201" ] || echo "  ! sha256 文件上传失败 (HTTP $code2)"
+      fi
+      ;;
+    *)
+      echo "  ✗ 上传失败 (HTTP $code)" >&2
+      cat /tmp/gitea-pkg-resp.txt >&2 || true
+      exit 1
+      ;;
+  esac
+done
+
+echo "完成。软件包页面: ${GITEA_URL}/${OWNER}?tab=packages"